Análisis del riesgo a la contaminación por plaguicidas de las cuencas costeras entre río Lebu y río Paicaví, río Paicaví y límite regional, Región del Biobío, Chile
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Fecha
2024
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Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La Organización para la Alimentación y Agricultura (FAO) indica que los plaguicidas son los principales contaminantes
presentes en el drenaje agrícola. La exposición humana a este tipo de contaminantes ha mostrado tener correlación con problemas
graves de salud. El principal uso antropológico de la zona comprendida por las cuencas costeras entre los ríosLebu y Paicaví y,
río Paicaví y limite regional, el forestal y agrícola, por ello, el análisis de riesgo se realiza por medio de la aplicación de la matriz
desarrollada por Foster et al. (2002), la cual, requiere la obtención de la vulnerabilidad del área, siendo obtenida a través de los
métodos GOD (Foster et al., 1987), DRASTIC (Aller et al., 1987) y DRASTIC Plaguicide (EPA, 1991), y la peligrosidad por
método POSH (Foster et al., 2002). Los resultados indican una baja presencia de zonas vulnerables a contaminantes intrínsecos,
pero se encuentra una considerable presencia de áreas de vulnerabilidad media a alta ante plaguicidas. El sector de interés
considera una peligrosidad de potencial de carga contaminante de carácter elevado en un 41,67% de su área a y un 12,53% a
zonas de carácter moderado, lo cual, provoca que las comunas del sector posean más de un 50% de su territorio en riesgo
intermedio a alto ante plaguicidas. Teniendo en consideración la distribución espacial de los datos obtenidos, se determina que
el acuífero ubicado en la cuenca entre río Lebu y río Paicaví, se encuentran en un alto riesgo ante contaminantes plaguicidas.
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) indicates that pesticides are the main contaminant present in agricultural drainage. Human exposure to these types of contaminants has shown correlation with serious health problems. The main anthropological use of the area comprised by the coastal basins between the Lebu and Paicaví river, and the Paicaví river and the regional boundary is forestry and agriculture, thus, the risk analysis is carried out through the application of the matrix developed by Foster et al. (2002), which requires obtaining the vulnerability of the area through the GOD (Foster et al., 1987), DRASTIC (Aller et al., 1987) and DRASTIC Pesticide (EPA, 1991) methods, and the hazard by the POSH method (Foster et al., 2002). The results indicate a low presence of vulnerable areas to intrinsic contaminants, but there is a considerable presence of areas of medium to high vulnerability to pesticides is found. The sector of interest considers a high contaminant potential load in 41,67% of its area and 12,53% to areas of moderate neture, which causes the communes in the zone to have more than 50% of their territory at intermediate to high risk from plaguicides. Taking into consideration the spatial distribution of the data obtained, its determined that the aquifer located in the basin between the Lebu and Paicaví are at high risk from plaguicide contaminants.
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) indicates that pesticides are the main contaminant present in agricultural drainage. Human exposure to these types of contaminants has shown correlation with serious health problems. The main anthropological use of the area comprised by the coastal basins between the Lebu and Paicaví river, and the Paicaví river and the regional boundary is forestry and agriculture, thus, the risk analysis is carried out through the application of the matrix developed by Foster et al. (2002), which requires obtaining the vulnerability of the area through the GOD (Foster et al., 1987), DRASTIC (Aller et al., 1987) and DRASTIC Pesticide (EPA, 1991) methods, and the hazard by the POSH method (Foster et al., 2002). The results indicate a low presence of vulnerable areas to intrinsic contaminants, but there is a considerable presence of areas of medium to high vulnerability to pesticides is found. The sector of interest considers a high contaminant potential load in 41,67% of its area and 12,53% to areas of moderate neture, which causes the communes in the zone to have more than 50% of their territory at intermediate to high risk from plaguicides. Taking into consideration the spatial distribution of the data obtained, its determined that the aquifer located in the basin between the Lebu and Paicaví are at high risk from plaguicide contaminants.
Notas
Memoria (Geólogo)
Palabras clave
Contaminación del Agua, Efectos Adversos, Contaminantes por Plaguicidas, Aspectos Ambientales, Chile, Región del Biobío, Río Lebu, Río Paicaví