Efectos de la pandemia por Covid-19 en la sintomatología motora de personas con enfermedad de Parkinson, medido a través de la escala unificada de Parkinson : una revisión sistematizada
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2024
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Resumen
La enfermedad de Parkinson es un trastorno neurodegenerativo, de carácter crónico, que genera un impacto importante en la persona diagnosticada. En marzo de 2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró el COVID-19 como una pandemia, generando impacto no solo en las personas infectadas, sino también por las medidas de cuarentena implementadas para controlar su propagación. El objetivo de esta revisión es sintetizar la evidencia disponible que evalúa el impacto que generó la pandemia por COVID-19 en la sintomatología motora de personas con enfermedad de Parkinson, mediante el uso de la Escala unificada de la Enfermedad de Parkinson ítem III. Metodología: El diseño del estudio es de tipo revisión sistematizada, para ello se realizaron búsquedas exhaustivas en las bases de datos PubMed y Scopus. Se incluyeron estudios publicados entre enero de 2020 y diciembre de 2023. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: estudios de cohorte y longitudinales retrospectivos en idioma ingles y español que evaluaran el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la sintomatología motora de personas con enfermedad de Parkinson a través de la escala unificada del parkinson item III (UPDRS-III).Los resultados fueron sintetizados narrativamente y a través de tablas. Resultados: Se revisaron un total de 68 estudios, de los cuales finalmente se seleccionaron 6 que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los resultados indican que la pandemia de COVID-19 tuvo un impacto negativo significativo en la sintomatología motora de los pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson, evaluados mediante la escala MDS-UPDRS ítem III. En general, se observó un aumento en los puntajes de la escala UPDRS-III, sugiriendo una progresión en la gravedad de los síntomas motores durante la pandemia. Conclusión: Los resultados del estudio confirman que la pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto negativo en los síntomas motores de los pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson. Este empeoramiento puede atribuirse a factores como la falta de acceso a fisioterapia, el estrés psicológico por el aislamiento social y los cambios en la medicación.
Lo anterior destaca la necesidad de adaptar estrategias de tratamiento, implementando programas de rehabilitación a distancia y utilizando tecnologías para el monitoreo continuo de los síntomas. También resaltan la importancia de un enfoque integral que incluya apoyo psicológico.
Objective: Parkinson's disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that has a significant impact on the person diagnosed. In March 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic, generating impact not only on infected persons, but also because of the quarantine measures implemented to control its spread. The objective of this review is to synthesize the available evidence that evaluates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the motor symptomatology of people with Parkinson's disease, using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Scale item III. Methodology: The study was designed as a systematized review, for which exhaustive searches were carried out in the PubMed and Scopus databases. Studies published between January 2020 and December 2023 were included. The inclusion criteria were: retrospective cohort studies in English and Spanish that evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on motor symptomatology in people with Parkinson's disease using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Scale Item III (UPDRS-III). Results: A total of 68 studies were reviewed, of which 6 were finally selected that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant negative impact on the motor symptomatology of patients with Parkinson's disease, as assessed by the MDS-UPDRS item III scale. Overall, an increase in UPDRS-III scale scores was observed, suggesting a progression in the severity of motor symptoms during the pandemic. Conclusion: The results of the study confirm that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the motor symptoms of patients with Parkinson's disease. This worsening can be attributed to factors such as lack of access to physiotherapy, psychological stress due to social isolation and changes in medication. The above highlights the need to adapt treatment strategies, implementing remote rehabilitation programs and using technologies for continuous symptom monitoring. They also highlight the importance of a comprehensive approach that includes psychological support.
Objective: Parkinson's disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that has a significant impact on the person diagnosed. In March 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic, generating impact not only on infected persons, but also because of the quarantine measures implemented to control its spread. The objective of this review is to synthesize the available evidence that evaluates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the motor symptomatology of people with Parkinson's disease, using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Scale item III. Methodology: The study was designed as a systematized review, for which exhaustive searches were carried out in the PubMed and Scopus databases. Studies published between January 2020 and December 2023 were included. The inclusion criteria were: retrospective cohort studies in English and Spanish that evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on motor symptomatology in people with Parkinson's disease using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Scale Item III (UPDRS-III). Results: A total of 68 studies were reviewed, of which 6 were finally selected that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant negative impact on the motor symptomatology of patients with Parkinson's disease, as assessed by the MDS-UPDRS item III scale. Overall, an increase in UPDRS-III scale scores was observed, suggesting a progression in the severity of motor symptoms during the pandemic. Conclusion: The results of the study confirm that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the motor symptoms of patients with Parkinson's disease. This worsening can be attributed to factors such as lack of access to physiotherapy, psychological stress due to social isolation and changes in medication. The above highlights the need to adapt treatment strategies, implementing remote rehabilitation programs and using technologies for continuous symptom monitoring. They also highlight the importance of a comprehensive approach that includes psychological support.
Notas
Actividad Final (Magíster en Neurorrehabilitación)
Palabras clave
Enfermedad de Parkinson, COVID-19 pandemia, 2020, Revisión Sistemática