Investigating the Relationship Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Academic Performance in the Adolescent Population: The EHDLA Study

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dc.contributor.authorLópez-Gil, José Francisco
dc.contributor.authorCisneros-Vásquez, Emily
dc.contributor.authorOlivares-Arancibia, Jorge
dc.contributor.authorYañéz-Sepúlveda, Rodrigo
dc.contributor.authorGutiérrez-Espinoza, Héctor
dc.date.accessioned2025-03-07T14:40:26Z
dc.date.available2025-03-07T14:40:26Z
dc.date.issued2025-02
dc.descriptionIndexación: Scopus
dc.description.abstractBackground: Previous studies have tested the link between diet quality and academic performance in the young population. However, no study has analyzed the specific relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and academic performance in adolescents. The aim of the present study was to test the link of UPF consumption with academic performance in a sample of adolescents from Spain. Methods: This secondary cross-sectional analysis utilized information from 788 youths aged 12–17 participating in the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities study. The sample comprised 44.7% boys and 55.3% girls, with a median age of 14.0 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 13.0 to 15.0). The UPF consumption was measured through a self-completed food frequency survey. Academic performance was determined using end-of-year academic records provided by each educational institution. To examine the relationships between these variables, generalized linear models were employed. The models were adjusted for factors including sex, age, socioeconomic status, conduct, physical activity, sleep duration, body mass index, and sedentary behavior. Results: Significant dose–response associations between UPF consumption and all the different academic performance indicators, showing that higher UPF consumption is consistently associated with poorer academic performance (p < 0.001 for all). Higher daily UPF servings were associated with lower adjusted marginal means for grade point average, language, maths, and English. Furthermore, adolescents in the highest UPF tertile had a grade point average of 5.6 compared to 6.6 in the lowest tertile, with similar patterns being observed for language (6.0 vs. 7.0), maths (5.2 vs. 6.2), and English (5.7 vs. 6.6). Conclusions: Our study identifies a negative association between UPF consumption and academic performance in adolescents, highlighting it as a modifiable factor that could impact academic outcomes. Adolescents with higher UPF consumption exhibited consistently lower grades across various academic indicators, emphasizing the importance of dietary quality during this critical developmental period.
dc.identifier.citationNutrients Volume 17, Issue 3 February 2025 Article number 524
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nu17030524
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unab.cl/handle/ria/63677
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.rights.licenseAttribution 4.0 International CC BY 4.0 Deed
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjecthealthy eating habits
dc.subjectNOVA classification
dc.subjectnutrition
dc.subjectschool performance
dc.subjectyouth
dc.titleInvestigating the Relationship Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Academic Performance in the Adolescent Population: The EHDLA Study
dc.typeArtículo
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