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Dislocating the Province. Narration and Irony in Raúl Ruiz and Andrés Gallardo
(Universidad de Talca, 2024-12) Prado, Luis Valenzuela
Este artículo propone un análisis de la novela La nueva provincia (1987), de Andrés Gallardo, y de la película La recta provincia (2007), de Raúl Ruiz, a partir del cual desarrolla la hipótesis que sostiene una provincia imaginada y contada, como estrategia irónica de fijación y desvío. La manera de gestionar esta idea de provincia implica pensar el descentramiento del concepto, primero, en sus retóricas convencionales criollistas, regionalistas o láricas, y, segundo, pensar una “provincialización” asimétrica y heterogénea, que desembocan en Gallardo y en Ruiz, en formas irónicas de contar e imaginar que dislocan el territorio imaginado.
External Physical Load Control in Professional Soccer Referees During First Division Matches
(Universidad Catolica San Antonio Murcia, 2024-12) Díaz-Escobar, Cristian; Araya-Astudillo, Juan Pablo; Cabezas-Caballero, Felipe; Díaz-Narváez, Víctor
Soccer, as a high-intensity and intermittence sport, also requires referees to be in good physical condition. The objective of this quantitative, explanatory, correlational, longitudinal study was to determine the external physical load on professional referees during official matches, using a global positioning system (GPS). Seventeen males participated (age: 36.19 + 3.2 years; height: 1.79 ± 0.04 m; weight: 80.07 ± 4.32 kg); the physical load was recorded in 67 national first division matches. The results showed that, on average, the referees covered 11,202 ± 706 m; of which 1,139 ± 722 m were in high intensity and 85.19 ± 65.26 m in sprint; in addition, they performed 22 ± 10 accelerations and 23 ± 9 decelerations per match. When correlating age and external physical load, there was a correlation with the variables: total distance covered (-.231) and number of decelerations per game (-.205). However, the correlation value for both cases was less than .25. It was concluded that the external load control using of GPS in professional referees, makes it possible to objectify the workloads, in this case for national competition; highlighting that age would not be a determining factor in the physical performance of these athletes.
On the sociology of disaster: analysis of the chilean dictatorship in the Metropolitan Area of Concepción
(Universidad Austral de Chile, 2024-12) Roa, Paula Tesche; Jara, Loreto Chandía; Montero, Gabriel Figueroa
This article analyzes the theory of catastrophes through socio-historical events that generate significant sociopolitical, economic and territorial transformations. It seeks to specify the notion of catastrophe from an interdisciplinary approach, considering contributions from sociology, social psychology, and urban studies. It addresses how catastrophe unfolded during the Chilean dictatorship; political violence; settlements eradication; and the neoliberal turn, modified everyday by long-term intersubjective relationships. These phenomena are analyzed from a regional perspective, which encompasses the territory of the Metropolitan Area of Concepción, located in the eighth region, whose historical singularities reveal the impact of the dictatorship. The study is qualitative, considering primary and secondary sources. The main contributions of the research are to incorporate the everyday dimension of catastrophe and its link to lived experiences. This allows for a greater understanding and precision of catastrophic phenomena in their various dimensions
Relationship between dynamic postural balance with jumping and sprinting performance in professional soccer players
(Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica, 2025-03) Guzmán-Muñoz, Eduardo; Alarcón-Rivera, Miguel; Salazar-Orellana, Cristian; Toro-Carrillo, Andrés; Valdés-Badilla, Pablo; Núñez-Espinosa, Cristian; Hernández–Martínez, Jordan; Yáñez-Sepúlveda, Rodrigo
Introduction: Soccer is a sport that requires complex physical and motor skills, with dynamic postural balance being a key component for sports performance. Objective: To determine the relationship between dynamic postural balance and performance in jumping and sprint tests in professional soccer players. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 24 professional soccer players, assessing dynamic postural balance using the Y-balance test (YBT) and physical per-formance with linear, curved, and change-of-direction sprint and jump tests. Data were ana-lyzed using Pearson correlations. Results: The results showed that dynamic postural balance, especially in the anterior and pos-terolateral directions of the YBT, is positively associated with better performance in the jump-ing, linear sprint, and curved sprint tests. However, no significantrelationships were found with the change-of-direction sprint. Conclusions: It is concluded that dynamic postural balance plays a fundamental role in specific soccer skills, such as jumping and sprinting, which underlines the importance of including bal-ance training in physical preparation programs for professional soccer players
(Re)significance of the Memory Museum from the voices of childhood
(Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, 2025-03) Jiménez-Díaz, Luis
After the end of totalitarianism, collective memories have been an axis for the recognition of State terrorism and guaranteeing the non-repetition of events. At least in Chile, in this process, the voices of children have been excluded, considering that they did not live through the time, or because they do not have the tools to give their opinion on issues that are not typical of childhood. Faced with this, the present study asks: what meanings do children construct from the Museum of Memory and Human Rights exhibition about political violence and the dictatorship in Chile? To develop the response, through a qualitative methodology, we worked with four boys and girls, between 12 and 13 years old, who, after visiting the Museum, individually produced drawings about their impressions, to later discuss them as a group. The data analysis was carried out through a semantic content analysis, providing the main conclusions that: adults lack the tools to overcome the dictatorship; political violence is possible; and that conflicts are resolved through disputes and in community.Keywords: Chile, childhood, dictatorship, Museum of Memory, memoryFinanciamento:Proyecto Postdoctorado Fondecyt No. 3230609, Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación (ANID), Chile. Conflictos de interés: La persona autora declara no tener conflictos de interés.
Investigating the Relationship Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Academic Performance in the Adolescent Population: The EHDLA Study
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 0025) López-Gil, José Francisco; Cisneros-Vásquez, Emily; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge; Yañéz-Sepúlveda, Rodrigo; Gutiérrez-Espinoza, Héctor
Background: Previous studies have tested the link between diet quality and academic performance in the young population. However, no study has analyzed the specific relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and academic performance in adolescents. The aim of the present study was to test the link of UPF consumption with academic performance in a sample of adolescents from Spain. Methods: This secondary cross-sectional analysis utilized information from 788 youths aged 12–17 participating in the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities study. The sample comprised 44.7% boys and 55.3% girls, with a median age of 14.0 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 13.0 to 15.0). The UPF consumption was measured through a self-completed food frequency survey. Academic performance was determined using end-of-year academic records provided by each educational institution. To examine the relationships between these variables, generalized linear models were employed. The models were adjusted for factors including sex, age, socioeconomic status, conduct, physical activity, sleep duration, body mass index, and sedentary behavior. Results: Significant dose–response associations between UPF consumption and all the different academic performance indicators, showing that higher UPF consumption is consistently associated with poorer academic performance (p < 0.001 for all). Higher daily UPF servings were associated with lower adjusted marginal means for grade point average, language, maths, and English. Furthermore, adolescents in the highest UPF tertile had a grade point average of 5.6 compared to 6.6 in the lowest tertile, with similar patterns being observed for language (6.0 vs. 7.0), maths (5.2 vs. 6.2), and English (5.7 vs. 6.6). Conclusions: Our study identifies a negative association between UPF consumption and academic performance in adolescents, highlighting it as a modifiable factor that could impact academic outcomes. Adolescents with higher UPF consumption exhibited consistently lower grades across various academic indicators, emphasizing the importance of dietary quality during this critical developmental period. © 2025 by the authors.
Five-repetition sit-to-stand test validation in adolescents and adults with intellectual disabilities
(Nature Research, 0025) Farías-Valenzuela, Claudio; Shepherd-Shepherd, Catalina; Ferrero-Hernández, Paloma; López-Sánchez, Guillermo F.; de Victo, Eduardo R.; Ferrari, Gerson
This study aims to validate the five repetition sit to stand test (5R-STS) test as a measure of strength and functionality in adolescents and adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). The sample was made up of 159 subjects with ID (85 adolescents and 74 adults) of both sexes, with average age of 18.36 (5.26) years, belonging to four special educational centers from Santiago, Chile. Absolute (AHGS) and relative (RHGS) handgrip strength and countermovement jump (CMJ) were considered as muscle strength evaluation tests. The timed up and go (TUG) and agility test 4 × 10 m were considered as functional tests. Spearman and intraclass correlations, as well as Bland-Altman plots were used to establish the respective correlations. The average values obtained in the 5R-STS test (s) in adolescents were 6.55 and 7.24, while in adults they were 6.82 and 7.17 for men and women, respectively. Significant correlations (p = < 0.05) are established between the 5R-STS test with AHGS (r= -0.48) and RHGS (r= -0.54), CMJ (-0.53), 4 × 10 m test (-0.50) and TUG (-0.49), as well as in the analysis of agreement between 5R-STS and the TUG (ICC = 0.74) and agility 4 × 10 m (ICC = 0.61) tests, both in adolescents and adults of both sexes. The 5R-STS test is a valid, simple and safe tool to evaluate general and lower extremity muscle strength. Its use is suggested as a simple measure for monitoring functional capacity by professionals in educational and health contexts for the adolescent and adult population with ID. © The Author(s) 2024.
Body Asymmetry and Sports Specialization: An Exploratory Anthropometric Comparison of Adolescent Canoeists and Kayakers
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 0025) Herrera-Amante, Carlos Abraham; Carvajal-Veitía, William; Yáñez-Sepúlveda, Rodrigo; Alacid, Fernando; Gavala-González, Juan c; López-Gil, José Francisco; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge i Send mail to Olivares-Arancibia J.;; Ramos-García, César Octavio
Background/Objectives: The evaluation of body asymmetry between the right and left sides of the body is crucial in the context of sports because of its potential impact on performance and injury prevention. This study analyzed the anthropometric differences between the right and left sides of the body in adolescent (13.0 [2.0] years) male canoeists and kayakers from Spain. This study aimed to explore the asymmetries associated with these disciplines. Methods: Anthropometric assessments were carried out on 27 male adolescents (13 canoeists and 14 kayakers). A total of 58 anthropometric variables were assessed, including 23 pairs of bilateral variables and 12 unilateral measurements. The evaluations included basic measures, skinfolds, girths, lengths, and breadths. Relative differences between sides were calculated via the bilateral asymmetry index (%BAI). Nonparametric tests, such as the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for within-group comparisons and the Mann–Whitney U test for between-group comparisons, were applied. Results: Comparisons between body sides within the groups revealed significant asymmetries in the subscapular skinfold (p = 0.010) in canoeists and in the mid-thigh girth (p = 0.041) in kayakers. Among the groups, differences were found in the subscapular skinfold (p = 0.010) and the bicep skinfold (p = 0.038) on the right side. Conclusions: Although significant differences were found in some variables, no distinctive profile of the differences between canoeists and kayakers was established in the categories analyzed. These results suggest that, in general, body asymmetries do not significantly distinguish between these disciplines within the sample studied. Further research is needed to better understand the implications of these differences for performance and injury prevention in specific adolescent sports contexts. © 2025 by the authors.
RECURSOS DE NEGOCIACIÓN EN LA CONVERSACIÓN: COLETILLAS MODALES EN EL ESPAÑOL DE CHILE
(Universidad de los Lagos, 2023-12) Contreras Castro, Marco
Este artículo tiene como propósito central presentar los resultados de una investigación sobre el funcionamiento de las coletillas interrogativas en un corpus oral del español de Chile desde una perspectiva sistémico funcional del lenguaje. Las categorías de análisis interpersonal se derivan de los estratos semántico-discursivo y léxico-gramatical. En el estrato de los significados se han considerado la función de habla y la mercancía semiótica, mientras que en el estrato de la codificación los modos de cláusula y la ubicación de coletilla en la cláusula. Se concluye que la coletilla es un recurso productivo para la expresión de significados interpersonales en todas las funciones de habla. Se integra mayormente en movimientos que cumplen el rol de “dar”, en tanto que la principal materia de negociación es “información”. Dentro del sistema de MODO, se integran en posición final de cláusulas declarativas y en menor medida en cláusulas imperativas e interrogativas.
Neutrality in Spain and Chile from the perspective of mediators: A literature review
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Munuera Gómez, Pilar; Valdebenito Larenas, Caterine; Alemán Bracho, Carmen; Molina Cano, Jerónimo
This paper is based on the analysis of the importance given to neutrality in the intervention of mediators, with special emphasis on the legislation and codes of conduct followed by mediators in Spain and Chile. For this purpose, a review of the literature on neutrality has been carried out using various scientific databases and an analysis of the legislation in these countries. The aim of this analysis was to highlight the research carried out by mediation professionals on this issue and to propose possible solutions. Among the results achieved is the affirmation that neutrality is in the mediation process and not in the mediator. This reality is not reflected in ethical codes of conduct or in legislation. Therefore, it is proposed the need to elaborate a universal and accredited code of ethics, which would help to consolidate the current polyphony of voices on mediator neutrality in the countries where mediation is used. As mediation as a profession becomes more and more established, it is essential that the principle of neutrality be understood unambiguously. In contrast to the rules that appear in current legislation and in certain codes of conduct, mediators should not be subject to the constraints of achieving personal neutrality. © 2023 The Authors. Conflict Resolution Quarterly published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Instruments for Measuring Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being of Adolescents in the Latin American School Contexts: a Systematic Review
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2025) Bravo-Sanzana, Mónica; Casas, Ferran; Rodríguez-Rivas, Matías E.; Oriol, Xavier; Varela, Jorge J.; Miranda, Rafael; Terán-Mendoza, Oscar
Well-being is crucial for understanding adolescent health and quality of life and is related to positive physical, emotional, and social indicators. This systematic review developed from PRISMA criteria sought to identify and evaluate instruments in Latin America to measure hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in adolescents. A total of 1737 articles were identified in the Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, ScieLO, and PsycINFO databases, with the search limited to scientific articles published after 2010. Of these, 45 met the inclusion criteria and were synthesized in this review. Most of the studies focused on hedonic well-being, especially life satisfaction, while eudaimonic well-being was less explored; in addition, some studies were identified that do not have a clear theoretical approach, and only two studies considered a multidimensional perspective of well-being. By way of conclusion, the diversity of instruments to assess well-being in Latin America is highlighted, and it is proposed that future research should incorporate solid theoretical models and a comprehensive understanding of adolescent well-being in the region; in this way, the present study provides a basis for future research that includes the application, design or validation of instruments with a comprehensive theoretical model of adolescent well-being in the Latin American context.
Intra-session reliability of knee flexion-extension muscle strength monitored using a functional electromechanical dynamometer in female soccer players
(Frontiers Media SA, 2025) Andrades-Ramírez, Oscar; Ulloa-Díaz, David; Castillo, Bryan Alfaro; Saavedra-Ibaca, Vanessa; Muñoz-Bustos, Gustavo; Chirosa-Ríos, Luis-Javier
Background: The aim of the study was to analyze the relative and absolute reliability of intra-session comparisons of three repetitions in a protocol for assessment peak muscle strength in a knee extension and flexion exercise in competitive female soccer players. Methods: The participants in this research are professional level female soccer players. Peak muscle strength was assessed with functional electromechanical dynamometry (FEMD) for the knee muscles with the following movements: knee flexion (FLE) and extension (EXT). Each movement was assessed at a speed of 0.4 m·s-1 unilaterally, recording peak muscle strength values in the concentric phase (CON) and an eccentric phase (ECC). Results: Null differences (ES < 0.19) were detected in the measurements of peak muscle strength of the extensors and flexors of the right and left knee in their concentric or eccentric phases. In the intra-set reliability measures, they reported acceptable absolute reliability (CV% < 9.71) and extremely high relative reliability (ICC = 0.92–0.98). Conclusion: In relation to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the FEMD presents a high relative and absolute intra-series reliability for the evaluation of muscle strength in knee extension and flexion in female soccer players. These reported antecedents may facilitate a more specific evaluation of the function of the muscles of the lower limbs.
Sports motivation in Chilean rugby players: impact of occupational status
(Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica, 0025) De Souza Lima, Josivaldo; León-Rojas, Isidora; Muñoz-Strale, Catalina; Duclos-Bastias, Daniel b; Godoy-Cumillaf, Andrés; Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano
Introduction: Sports motivation plays a key role in long-term adherence and athletes' commitment. In the context of rugby, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation may vary depending on individual factors such as occupational status. Objective: To examine the relationship between motivation dimensions and sports adherence in Chilean rugby players, considering occupational status as a moderating factor. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 280 rugby players from 12 regions of Chile. The Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-28) was used to evaluate intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Pearson correlations. Results: Intrinsic motivation for experiencing sensations had the highest average score, followed by intrinsic motivation for achieving things. Identified regulation was significantly higher among students and workers compared to unemployed participants (p = 0.050). Introjected regulation showed significant differences across occupational status (p = 0.001), with higher levels among workers. Amotivation was negatively associated with sports participation, although no significant differences were observed between occupational groups (p = 0.419). Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of fostering intrinsic motivation to sustain sports participation in rugby players. Additionally, strengthening identified regulation may improve commitment, particularly among unemployed players. Reducing amotivation is crucial to prevent sports dropout. © 2025 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reserved.
Parenthood during the COVID-19 pandemic: Post-traumatic growth amongst university students
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Harwood-Gross, Anna; Bergman, Yoav S.; Pat-Horenczyk, Ruth; Schiff, Miriam; Benbenishty, Rami
This study sought to investigate a positive dimension of coping with the COVID-19 pandemic, that of post-traumatic growth (PTG). This study investigated coping difficulties and PTG amongst parent and nonparent students in Israeli Universities. A total of 4022 parents (3648 Jews and 374 Palestinian-Arab Citizens [PACs]) and 14,651 nonparents (12,010 Jews and 2641 PACs) completed measures of coping, social support and PTG. Parents demonstrated significantly higher levels of coping and PTG. Amongst parents, fathers coped slightly better than mothers; however, while Jewish mothers demonstrated greater PTG than Jewish fathers, PAC fathers had significantly greater PTG than both PAC mothers and Jewish parents. These findings, while specific to COVID-19, indicate that PTG should be studied in greater depth in different ethnic and minority groups in order to develop enhanced understanding and facilitate promotion of post-traumatic growth, in addition to the prevention of COVID-19-related distress. © 2022 The Authors. Family Process published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Family Process Institute.
Children's perceptions of their participation rights context when living in residential care and its relationship with their subjective well-being
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025-04) Casas, Ferran; Ditzel, Ana Loreto
Background: Participation rights of children in residential care have not been frequently explored despite the positive effects of participation on their subjective well-being (SWB). Objective: To explore the relationship of six rights-related perceptions with the SWB of children and adolescents in residential care. Participants and setting: N = 268, 9–19-year-olds living in residential care. Methods: Five rights-related perceptions were analysed according to scores in two cognitive and two affective SWB scales, through descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Results: The more children feel adults at home and at school listen to them and take their say into account, the more they feel they are treated fairly by these adults, and the more they perceive adults in general in their country respect children's rights, the higher are their observed SWB scores. The majority rights-related perceptions showed significant effects on positive SWB indicators. However, only they believe that adults in general in their country respect children's rights displayed effects on Negative Affect. Girls' SWB showed lower scores than boys', and girls' rights-related perceptions displayed more effects on their SWB than boys'. Conclusions: There are important percentages of children in residential care who do not feel they are able to participate in aspects of their own lives that directly affect them and their SWB. Children in residential care display lower scores in all the positive measures, especially girls and exceptionally higher scores in the negative affect than the overall Chilean children's population.
Isotemporal substitution of sedentary time with different physical activity intensities and sleep in obesity parameters across eight latin American countries
(Accelerometry; Isotemporal substitution; Obesity; Physical activity; Sedentary behavior; Sleep, 0025) de Victo, Eduardo Rossato; Sales, Diego; Christofaro, Diego G. D.; Fisberg, Mauro; Kovalskys, Irina f; del Val Martín, Pablo; Ferrari, Gerson
This study aimed to examine the associations between substituting sedentary time (ST) with physical activity and sleep with obesity parameters in adults from eight Latin American countries. The sample consisted of 2173 adults aged 18–65 years. Physical activity, ST and sleep were objectively measured using accelerometers. The parameters of obesity were defined using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Regression analyses were conducted for isotemporal analysis of the association between substituting 30 min/day of ST with light physical activity (LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sleep in relation to BMI and WC. Substituting light physical activity with higher intensity was also analyzed. Substituting 30 min/day of ST with MVPA was significantly associated with lower odds of a higher BMI (OR: 0.993, 95%CI 0.990–0.998) and WC (OR: 0.998, 95%CI 0.998–0.999). Conversely, substituting ST with LPA did not show a significant impact on obesity parameters. However, the substitution of 30 min/day of LPA with MVPA was also associated with lower odds of a higher BMI (OR: 0.993, 95%CI 0.989–0.997). The results highlight the importance of replacing ST and increasing the intensity of physical activity as an effective strategy for preventing and managing obesity in Latin America. © The Author(s) 2025.
Modern Handball: A Dynamic System, Orderly Chaotic
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 0025) Espoz, Sebastian; Hinojosa-Torres, Claudio
1) Background: Handball is conceptualized as a complex dynamic system characterized by emergent behaviors, non-linearity, attractors, and self-organization, influenced by players’ interactions, environmental conditions, and tactical elements. This perspective emphasizes the importance of communication, adaptive strategies, and modern teaching methods like Non-linear Pedagogy for improving technical-tactical behaviors, advocating for a multidisciplinary approach to deepen its understanding. Thus, this narrative review aims to explore how modern theories and approaches can be integrated to provide a deeper understanding of handball’s complexity from a broad and multidisciplinary perspective. (2) Methods: A narrative review approach was employed to integrate key concepts such as chaos theory, self-organization, and non-linear pedagogy as they apply to the game’s technical-tactical dynamics. The methodology involved a comprehensive literature review to identify how emergent perceptual and social interactions influence collective performance. (3) Results: Findings indicate that team performance is not solely dependent on individual skills but on their capacity for synchronization, adaptation, and self-organization in response to competitive demands. Communication and internal cohesion emerged as critical factors for adjustment and autonomous decision-making, framed within Luhmann’s social systems theory. (4) Conclusions: The conclusions suggest that training methodologies should incorporate non-linear approaches that promote self-organization, adaptability, and player autonomy. This multidisciplinary perspective offers a deeper understanding of handball and highlights its applicability to other team sports, maximizing performance through an integrative analysis of social, philosophical, and communicative components. © 2025 by the authors.
Analysis of speeds in the 400-meter hurdles and gender differences: A study from the Paris 2024 Olympics
(Asociacion Espanola de Analisis del Rendimiento Deportivo, 0025) de Souza-Lima, Josivaldo; Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano; Muñoz-Strale, Catalina; Yáñez-Sepúlveda, Rodrigo; Duclos-Bastias, Daniel; Cortés-Roco, Guillermo; Bonilla, Diego A.; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge; Valdivia-Moral, Pedro
Background/objectives. This study aims to analyse the speed differences between men and women in the 400 meters during the Paris 2024 Olympic Games. Average speeds in each segment of the race were evaluated, highlighting gender variations and performance across the different rounds of the competition. Methods. A descriptive observational study was conducted using data from 208 athletes (50% women). Average speeds per 50-meter segments were analysed across all rounds (heats, semifinals, and final), applying Student's t-tests to compare results between genders. The significance level was set at p <.05. Results. The average speeds showed significant differences between sexes in all segments of the race (p <.05). The largest difference was observed in the first 150 meters, where men outpaced women by a margin of 0.97 km/h. By 250 meters, the difference decreased to 0.43 km/h. In the final rounds, the winners reached maximum speeds of 36.87 km/h (men) and 32.48 km/h (women). Conclusion. Men exhibit a biomechanical advantage in the race's early stages, while both sexes strategically adjust their pacing in the final rounds. These findings suggest that gender differences in performance are linked to both physiological and biomechanical fact ors. © 2025 ARD Asociación Española
Information Literacy in Teacher Training: A Systematic Literature Review
(Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 0025) Barbosa-Chacón, Jorge Winston; Martínez-Líbano, Jonathan; Mendoza Lira, Michelle
The development of information literacy, referring to access, evaluation and use of information, has a significant role in teacher training. In this respect, we share a study whose objective was to analyze aspects of the ‘what’ and ‘how’ of information literacy research in teacher training, a challenge undertaken from a 2013-2023 systematic review of 24 Scopus and Web of Science articles. The results reveal the prevalence of the quantitative approach. Also, research objectives were framed into four study axes: evaluation, training, the relationship with other competencies, and other actors. © 2025, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. All rights reserved.
Association of muscular strength and targeted proteomics involved in brain health in children with overweight/obesity
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023-09) Olvera-Rojas, Marcos; Plaza-Florido, Abel; Solis-Urra, Patricio; Rodriguez-Ayllon, María; Toval, Angel; Esteban-Cornejo, Irene; Ortega, Francisco B.
Muscular strength has been positively associated with better brain health indicators during childhood obesity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the positive impact of muscular strength in brain health are poorly understood. We aimed to study the association of muscular strength with neurology-related circulating proteins in plasma in children with overweight/obesity and to explore the role of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) as a confounder. The participants were 86 Caucasian children (10.1 ± 1.1 years old; 41% girls) from the ActiveBrains project. Muscular strength was measured by field and laboratory tests. CRF was assessed with an incremental treadmill test. Olink's technology was used to quantify 92 neurology-related proteins in plasma. Protein–protein interactions were computed using the STRING website. Muscular strength was positively associated with 12 proteins (BetaNGF, CDH6, CLEC10A, CLM1, FcRL2, HAGH, IL12, LAIR2, MSR1, SCARB2, SMOC2, and TNFRSF12A), and negatively associated with 12 proteins (CLEC1B, CTSC, CTSS, gal-8, GCP5, NAAA, NrCAM, NTRK2, PLXNB3, RSPO1, sFRP3, and THY1). After adjustment for CRF, muscular strength was positively associated with eight proteins (BetaNGF, CDH6, CLEC10A, FcRL2, LAIR2, MSR1, SCARB2, and TNFRSF12A) and negatively associated with two proteins (gal-8 and NrCAM). After applying FDR correction, only CLEC10A remained statistically significant. In conclusion, muscular strength was associated with blood circulating proteins involved in several biological processes, particularly anti-inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, beta amyloid clearance, and neuronal action potential propagation. More powered studies are warranted in pediatric populations to contrast or confirm our findings. © 2023 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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