Caracterización de terapias kinesiológicas y fonoaudiológicas en población infanto-juvenil con trastornos de la deglución y la alimentación oral secundarios a parálisis cerebral : una revisión narrativa
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Archivos
Fecha
2023
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Introducción: La Parálisis Cerebral (PC) es una condición neurológica altamente
prevalente, orientada a la población infanto-juvenil, ya que, tiende a ser el segmento más
afectado. Caracterizada por la expresión de diversas repercusiones, entre las que
destacan los trastornos motores y de la deglución-alimentación. La literatura reporta que
dichos trastornos deben ser tratados de manera temprana; sin embargo, a la fecha no
existe consenso sobre el tipo y efectividad de terapias interdisciplinarias.
Objetivo: Caracterizar las principales terapias kinesiológicas y fonoaudiológicas en la
población infanto-juvenil con trastornos de la deglución y la alimentación oral secundarios
a PC.
Metodología: Se realizó una revisión narrativa a partir de la opinión de un experto en la
materia para definir el tema a abordar y la pregunta de investigación. Se usaron las Bases
de Datos: PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, y ScienceDirect entre los años 2001 y 2022.
Resultados: De los 10 estudios para análisis cualitativo de información. La evidencia
sugiere que en su totalidad las terapias estuvieron centradas en la motricidad orofacial y
en subáreas de alineación y postura, ejercicios oromotores y sensorialidad, evidenciando
que las terapias utilizadas por kinesiólogos y fonoaudiólogos son efectivas. Sin embargo,
sólo 2 de los 10 estudios encontrados mencionan explícitamente al equipo
interdisciplinario.
Conclusiones: Se puede concluir que las técnicas fonoaudiológicas y kinesiológicas son
efectivas para el tratamiento de niños con trastornos de la deglución y la alimentación
oral secundarios a PC. Sin embargo, existe escasez de estudios en la literatura que
mencionen la terapias kinesiológicas y fonoaudiológicas de manera integrada.
Introduction: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a highly prevalent neurological condition, oriented to the infantile-juvenile population, since, it tends to be the most affected segment. It is characterized by the expression of several repercussions, among which motor and swallowing-feeding disorders stand out. The literature reports that these disorders should be treated early; however, to date there is no consensus on the type and effectiveness of interdisciplinary therapies. Aim: To characterize the main kinesiological and phonoaudiological therapies in the infant-juvenile population with swallowing and oral feeding disorders secondary to CP. Methodology: A narrative review was carried out based on the opinion of an expert in the field to define the topic to be addressed and the research question. Databases were used: PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, and ScienceDirect between the years 2001 and 2022. Results: Of the 10 studies for qualitative data analysis. The evidence suggests that all the therapies were focused on orofacial motor skills and in the subareas of alignment and posture, oromotor exercises and sensoriality, showing that the therapies used by kinesiologists and speech therapists are effective. However only 2 of the 10 studies found explicitly mention the interdisciplinary team. Conclusions: It can be concluded that phonoaudiological and kinesiological techniques are effective for the treatment of children with swallowing and oral feeding disorders secondary to CP. However, there is a scarcity of studies in the literature that mention kinesiological and phonoaudiological therapies in an integrated manner.
Introduction: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a highly prevalent neurological condition, oriented to the infantile-juvenile population, since, it tends to be the most affected segment. It is characterized by the expression of several repercussions, among which motor and swallowing-feeding disorders stand out. The literature reports that these disorders should be treated early; however, to date there is no consensus on the type and effectiveness of interdisciplinary therapies. Aim: To characterize the main kinesiological and phonoaudiological therapies in the infant-juvenile population with swallowing and oral feeding disorders secondary to CP. Methodology: A narrative review was carried out based on the opinion of an expert in the field to define the topic to be addressed and the research question. Databases were used: PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, and ScienceDirect between the years 2001 and 2022. Results: Of the 10 studies for qualitative data analysis. The evidence suggests that all the therapies were focused on orofacial motor skills and in the subareas of alignment and posture, oromotor exercises and sensoriality, showing that the therapies used by kinesiologists and speech therapists are effective. However only 2 of the 10 studies found explicitly mention the interdisciplinary team. Conclusions: It can be concluded that phonoaudiological and kinesiological techniques are effective for the treatment of children with swallowing and oral feeding disorders secondary to CP. However, there is a scarcity of studies in the literature that mention kinesiological and phonoaudiological therapies in an integrated manner.
Notas
Actividad Final de Graduación (Magíster en Neurorrehabilitación)
Palabras clave
Kinesiología, Investigaciones, Técnica, Parálisis Cerebral en Niños, Trastornos de Deglución