¿El oasis chileno?: el funcionamiento del discurso neoliberal de la felicidad visto a través del estallido social en Chile
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2022
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es
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Departamento de Filosofia y Sociedad, Complutense University of Madrid
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Atribución/Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.es
Resumen
En este ensayo presentamos una reflexión sobre el funcionamiento de ciertos discursos sobre la felicidad propios de la gubernamentalidad neoliberal a la luz del llamado “estallido social” en Chile. En primer lugar, analizamos la relación de estos discursos felicitarios con el neoliberalismo en tanto telón de fondo de donde emergen, para luego examinar la hipótesis que los posiciona como una tecnología de control que operaría de modo calvinista, esto es: a partir de una lógica centrada en la maximización del bienestar individual, la positividad, el optimismo, la auto-exigencia y la libertad personal, como formas de capitalizar el sufrimiento social. En otras palabras, la explotación del sujeto sobre sí mismo bajo la promesa de la felicidad futura: valdrá la pena el sufrimiento si mañana soy feliz. Sostenemos que no es posible desechar la opción de que esta lógica efectivamente ha operado en el contexto chileno y, a su vez, ha sido parte del malestar social acumulado en tanto resulta una promesa incumplida. Por lo mismo, reflexionamos sobre el “estallido social” como una lucha particular que representa una resistencia a esta y otras tecnologías de subjetivación neoliberal, y lo analizamos a partir de una de las aristas más fértiles de la teoría foucaultiana: donde hay poder, hay resistencia.
In this essay we present a reflection on the functioning of certain discourses on happiness typical of neoliberal governmentality in the light of the so-called “social outbreak” in Chile. First, we analyze the relationship of these discourses on happiness with neoliberalism as the background from which they emerge, to then examine the hypothesis that positions them as a technology of control that would operate in a Calvinist way, that is: from a logic focused on maximizing individual well-being, positivity, optimism, self-demand and personal freedom, as ways of capitalizing on social suffering. In other words, the exploitation of the subject on himself under the promise of future happiness: it will be worth the suffering if tomorrow I am happy. We argue that this logic has indeed operated in the Chilean context and, in turn, has been part of the accumulated social unrest as it is an unfulfilled promise. For the same reason, we reflect on the “social outbreak” as a particular struggle that represents a resistance to this and other technologies of neoliberal subjectivation, and we analyze it from one of the most fertile aspects of Foucauldian theory: where there is power, there is resistance. © 2022 Departamento de Filosofia y Sociedad, Complutense University of Madrid. All rights reserved.
In this essay we present a reflection on the functioning of certain discourses on happiness typical of neoliberal governmentality in the light of the so-called “social outbreak” in Chile. First, we analyze the relationship of these discourses on happiness with neoliberalism as the background from which they emerge, to then examine the hypothesis that positions them as a technology of control that would operate in a Calvinist way, that is: from a logic focused on maximizing individual well-being, positivity, optimism, self-demand and personal freedom, as ways of capitalizing on social suffering. In other words, the exploitation of the subject on himself under the promise of future happiness: it will be worth the suffering if tomorrow I am happy. We argue that this logic has indeed operated in the Chilean context and, in turn, has been part of the accumulated social unrest as it is an unfulfilled promise. For the same reason, we reflect on the “social outbreak” as a particular struggle that represents a resistance to this and other technologies of neoliberal subjectivation, and we analyze it from one of the most fertile aspects of Foucauldian theory: where there is power, there is resistance. © 2022 Departamento de Filosofia y Sociedad, Complutense University of Madrid. All rights reserved.
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Indexación: Scopus.
Palabras clave
Chile, Happiness, Neoliberalism, Social unrest, Subjectivation
Citación
Revista internacional de filosofía política, Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages 177 – 186, 2022
DOI
10.5209/ltdl.77032