Selección de genes asociados con jasmonato que participan en el desarrollo del fruto de Prunus persica (L.) Batsch
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Fecha
2023
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Prunus persica es un árbol frutal perteneciente a la familia de las Rosaceae. Los frutos desarrollan
características organolépticas y nutricionales que son preciadas por los consumidores,
generando una alta demanda. Por su parte, Chile se encuentra en el primer lugar del hemisferio
sur como exportador de duraznos y nectarines. Por otra parte, P. persica es considerado un
organismo modelo por poseer un genoma diploide y pequeño (265 Mpb), contenido en 8
cromosomas. Los frutos son climatéricos reflejadas en el rápido ablandamiento del fruto luego de
ser cosechado. Su desarrollo se caracteriza por presentar una curva doble sigmoidea (S1, S2,
S3, S4). Un carácter importante desde un punto de vista agronómico es la fecha de cosecha (MD;
del inglés “Maturity Date”), la cual es un momento entre la madurez fisiológica y la madurez de
consumo considerando el mercado de destino. De esta forma, es posible clasificar cada variedad
en cosecha temprana, media y tardía. Durante el desarrollo de los frutos actúan diversas
fitohormonas y en particular, jasmonato y sus derivados que participan activamente en distintos
procesos asociados al desarrollo de los frutos. Por otro lado, la señalización, biosíntesis y rol
metabólico de esta fitohormona es controlado por genes en las distintas etapas del desarrollo.
Por todo esto, el objetivo de este trabajo es identificar genes claves en el desarrollo del fruto en
variedades contrastantes para fecha de cosecha mediante RNA-seq.
De esta manera, se aisló ARN total desde mesocarpio desde frutos de las variedades
contrastantes para fecha de cosecha (‘Early Juan’ y ‘Super August’) en seis puntos del desarrollo
del fruto durante los estados S1, S2 y S3. A partir del ARN total se construyeron 36 genotecas de
ADNc que fueron secuenciadas en un HiSeq4000. Se obtuvieron en promedio 26 MM de lecturas
por genoteca, las cuales fueron mapeadas al genoma de referencia de P. persica en un 97% en
promedio. Se identificaron seis genes candidatos (Prupe.1G232500, Prupe.3G039200,
Prupe.7G129300, Prupe.7G200800, Prupe.1G386300 y Prupe.6G324400) asociados a
metabolismo de ácido jasmónico, los cuales se expresan diferencialmente entre las variedades
contrastantes en los estadios tempranos del desarrollo del fruto. El aporte de esta investigación
es la identificación genes candidatos para predecir (biomarcadores) la fecha de cosecha en
variedades de P. persica
Prunus persica is a fruit tree belonging to the Rosaceae family. The fruits develop organoleptic and nutritional characteristics that are prized by consumers, generating a high demand. Chile is the leading exporter of peaches and nectarines in the southern hemisphere. On the other hand, P. persica is considered a model organism for having a small diploid genome (265 Mpb), contained in 8 chromosomes. The fruits are climacteric, reflected in the rapid softening of the fruit after harvest. Its development is characterized by a double sigmoid curve (S1, S2, S3, S4). An important character from an agronomic point of view is the harvest date (MD), which is a moment between physiological maturity and consumption maturity considering the destination market. In this way, it is possible to classify each variety into early, medium and late harvest. During fruit development, several phytohormones act, particularly jasmonate and its derivatives, which actively participate in different processes associated with fruit development. On the other hand, the signaling, biosynthesis and metabolic role of this phytohormone is controlled by genes at different stages of development. Therefore, the objective of this work is to identify key genes in fruit development in contrasting varieties for harvest date by means of RNA-seq. Thus, total RNA was isolated from the mesocarp of fruits of the contrasting varieties for harvest date ('Early Juan' and 'Super August') at six points of fruit development during the S1, S2 and S3 stages. Thirty-six cDNA gen libraries were constructed from total RNA and sequenced on a HiSeq4000. An average of 26 MM reads per genolibrary were obtained, which were mapped to the reference genome of P. persica by 97% on average. Six candidate genes (Prupe.1G232500, Prupe.3G039200, Prupe.7G129300, Prupe.7G200800, Prupe.1G386300 and Prupe.6G324400) associated with jamonate metabolism were identified, which are differentially expressed among the contrasting varieties at early stages of fruit development. The contribution of this research is the identification of candidate genes to predict (biomarkers) harvest date in P. persica varieties.
Prunus persica is a fruit tree belonging to the Rosaceae family. The fruits develop organoleptic and nutritional characteristics that are prized by consumers, generating a high demand. Chile is the leading exporter of peaches and nectarines in the southern hemisphere. On the other hand, P. persica is considered a model organism for having a small diploid genome (265 Mpb), contained in 8 chromosomes. The fruits are climacteric, reflected in the rapid softening of the fruit after harvest. Its development is characterized by a double sigmoid curve (S1, S2, S3, S4). An important character from an agronomic point of view is the harvest date (MD), which is a moment between physiological maturity and consumption maturity considering the destination market. In this way, it is possible to classify each variety into early, medium and late harvest. During fruit development, several phytohormones act, particularly jasmonate and its derivatives, which actively participate in different processes associated with fruit development. On the other hand, the signaling, biosynthesis and metabolic role of this phytohormone is controlled by genes at different stages of development. Therefore, the objective of this work is to identify key genes in fruit development in contrasting varieties for harvest date by means of RNA-seq. Thus, total RNA was isolated from the mesocarp of fruits of the contrasting varieties for harvest date ('Early Juan' and 'Super August') at six points of fruit development during the S1, S2 and S3 stages. Thirty-six cDNA gen libraries were constructed from total RNA and sequenced on a HiSeq4000. An average of 26 MM reads per genolibrary were obtained, which were mapped to the reference genome of P. persica by 97% on average. Six candidate genes (Prupe.1G232500, Prupe.3G039200, Prupe.7G129300, Prupe.7G200800, Prupe.1G386300 and Prupe.6G324400) associated with jamonate metabolism were identified, which are differentially expressed among the contrasting varieties at early stages of fruit development. The contribution of this research is the identification of candidate genes to predict (biomarkers) harvest date in P. persica varieties.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero en Biotecnología)
Proyecto FONDECYT n°1200804.
Proyecto FONDECYT n°1200804.
Palabras clave
Duraznos, Nectarino, Genética, Calidad, Hormonas Vegetales