Aumento óseo vertical con regeneración óseo guiada. Revisión de alcance
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Fecha
2020
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Después de una exodoncia se puede producir una disminución de la altura del hueso alveolar que impida rehabilitar estéticamente la zona, siendo una solución para este problema el aumento óseo vertical (AOV) con regeneración ósea guiada (ROG). Este es un procedimiento quirúrgico que permite restablecer el volumen óseo adecuado para la colocación de implantes, utilizando injertos y/o sustitutos óseos y una membrana que lo cubra, permitiendo la regeneración ósea. Objetivo general: Analizar las características generales técnicas, resultados clínicos y complicaciones del AOV realizado con ROG en humanos. Materiales y métodos: Esta revisión de alcance se redactó utilizando los elementos de informes para revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis, extensión para revisiones de alcance (PRISMA-ScR). Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Pubmed, Scielo y literatura gris. Fueron incluidos aquellos estudios que describían ampliamente el tema, publicados desde el año 1990 hasta abril de 2020. Se excluyeron los estudios no realizados en humanos, o publicados en idiomas distintos al inglés y español. Dos revisores examinaron título y resumen, y luego los estudios completos. Se extrajeron y ordenaron los datos en tablas. Resultados: 89 estudios fueron incluidos. El mayor porcentaje reportó haber obtenido un AOV menor a 5 mm y haber utilizado membranas no reabsorbibles. El tipo de injerto que más se repite es el autógeno y combinaciones de injertos, siendo la más común autógeno con xenoinjerto. Todos los estudios que reportaron estabilidad ósea fueron favorables, al igual que la supervivencia de implantes, reportando valores entre 83.8% y 100%. La exposición de membrana es la complicación que más se repite en los estudios, seguido por infección o abscesos y dehiscencia de tejidos. Conclusión: La ROG vertical es una técnica confiable, con alta predictibilidad y baja incidencia de complicaciones.
After an extraction there may be a decrease in height of the alveolar bone that prevents aesthetically rehabilitating the area, being a solution for this problem vertical bone augmentation (AOV) with guided bone regeneration (ROG). This is a surgical procedure that allows the restoration of adequate bone volume for implant placement, using grafts and / or bone substitutes and a membrane that covers it, allowing bone regeneration. Objective: Analyze the general technical characteristics, clinical results and complications of AOV performed with ROG in humans. Materials and methods: This scoping review was written using the reporting elements for systematic reviews and meta-analyzes, scoping review extension (PRISMA-ScR). A search was carried out in the Pubmed, Scielo and gray literature databases. Studies that extensively described the subject, published from 1990 to April 2020, were included. Studies not conducted in humans, or published in languages other than English and Spanish, were excluded. Two reviewers screened title and abstract, and then full studies. The data was extracted and arranged in tables. Results: 89 studies were included. The highest percentage reported having obtained an AOV of less than 5 mm and having used non-resorbable membranes. The type of graft that recurs the most is autogenous and combinations of grafts, the most common being autogenous with xenograft. All the studies that reported bone stability were favorable, as was implant survival, reporting values between 83.8% and 100%. Membrane exposure is the most common complication in studies, followed by infection or abscesses and tissue dehiscence. Conclusion: ROG is a reliable technique, with high predictability and low incidence of complications.
After an extraction there may be a decrease in height of the alveolar bone that prevents aesthetically rehabilitating the area, being a solution for this problem vertical bone augmentation (AOV) with guided bone regeneration (ROG). This is a surgical procedure that allows the restoration of adequate bone volume for implant placement, using grafts and / or bone substitutes and a membrane that covers it, allowing bone regeneration. Objective: Analyze the general technical characteristics, clinical results and complications of AOV performed with ROG in humans. Materials and methods: This scoping review was written using the reporting elements for systematic reviews and meta-analyzes, scoping review extension (PRISMA-ScR). A search was carried out in the Pubmed, Scielo and gray literature databases. Studies that extensively described the subject, published from 1990 to April 2020, were included. Studies not conducted in humans, or published in languages other than English and Spanish, were excluded. Two reviewers screened title and abstract, and then full studies. The data was extracted and arranged in tables. Results: 89 studies were included. The highest percentage reported having obtained an AOV of less than 5 mm and having used non-resorbable membranes. The type of graft that recurs the most is autogenous and combinations of grafts, the most common being autogenous with xenograft. All the studies that reported bone stability were favorable, as was implant survival, reporting values between 83.8% and 100%. Membrane exposure is the most common complication in studies, followed by infection or abscesses and tissue dehiscence. Conclusion: ROG is a reliable technique, with high predictability and low incidence of complications.
Notas
Trabajo de titulación (Licenciado en Odontología)
Palabras clave
Regeneración Ósea, Cirugía Bucal, Técnicas Quirúrgicas, Implantes Dentarios, Injertos, Chile