MĂ©todos de sostenimiento de tĂșnel en roca
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Archivos
Fecha
2009
Profesor/a GuĂa
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
En la medida que una excavaciĂłn subterrĂĄnea avanza, pueden producirse dos
situaciones, la primera es aquella en donde el desprendimiento o caĂda de roca sea
cada vez mĂĄs frecuente presentĂĄndose en la mayorĂa de los sectores ya excavados
por descompresiĂłn post excavaciĂłn, y una segunda situaciĂłn es aquella en donde los
esfuerzos inducidos superan la resistencia de la roca, condiciĂłn que origina una tĂpica
situaciĂłn de inestabilidad por esfuerzos (derrumbe). En ambas situaciones, se crea la
necesidad de discutir y analizar los eventuales sistemas o métodos de refuerzo de
rocas que podrĂan ser aplicados para controlar y prevenir dichas situaciones en zonas
de peligro potencial o en aquellas en donde ya existe un problema de estabilidad.
En una primera instancia se darĂĄn a conocer las caracterĂsticas mĂĄs importantes para
definir el tipo de sostenimiento que se debe aplicar en una zona inestable.
La segunda etapa comprende un anĂĄlisis a los elementos de fortificaciĂłn, llegando a
conocer el comportamiento dentro de una excavaciĂłn, tanto en sus caracterĂsticas
técnicas, métodos de instalación y aplicaciones.
As an underground excavation advances, two situations can develop. The first one is that in which the detachment or falling of rocks becomes more frequent, occurring in most of the sectors already excavated because of post-excavation decompression, and a second situation is that in which the induced efforts overcome the resistance of the rock, condition that originates a typical effort's instability situation (cave in). In both situations arises the necessity of analyzing and discussing the systems or methods of reinforcement of the rocks that might be applied to control and prevent such situations in zones of potential danger or in those where there is already a stability problem, In a first instance the more important characteristics defining the kind of support that must be applied in an unstable zone will be presented. The second situation includes an analysis of the reinforcement elements, aiming to know their behavior within the excavation of their technical characteristics, installation methods and functions.
As an underground excavation advances, two situations can develop. The first one is that in which the detachment or falling of rocks becomes more frequent, occurring in most of the sectors already excavated because of post-excavation decompression, and a second situation is that in which the induced efforts overcome the resistance of the rock, condition that originates a typical effort's instability situation (cave in). In both situations arises the necessity of analyzing and discussing the systems or methods of reinforcement of the rocks that might be applied to control and prevent such situations in zones of potential danger or in those where there is already a stability problem, In a first instance the more important characteristics defining the kind of support that must be applied in an unstable zone will be presented. The second situation includes an analysis of the reinforcement elements, aiming to know their behavior within the excavation of their technical characteristics, installation methods and functions.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero Constructor)
Palabras clave
TĂșneles, Estabilidad, Rocas