Gasto energético durante la jornada escolar en niñas con y sin trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad de Viña del Mar
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2016
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
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Resumen
El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad es uno de los principales trastornos neuropsiquiátrico que se presenta en la etapa infantil.
El objetivo de la presente investigación fue comparar el gasto energético durante la jornada escolar entre un grupo de niñas con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) y un grupo de niñas que no presentaban este trastorno. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 20 niñas de la ciudad de Viña del mar, 10 de las niñas diagnosticadas y tratadas con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad versus 10 niñas sin diagnóstico. Las edades de la muestra fluctuaron entre los 8 a 11 años con un promedio de 10,7±1,7 años. Para la evaluación y determinación del gasto energético se utilizaron acelerómetros marca Actigraph® modelo GTX3. Cada niña fue evaluada durante tres jornadas calculando un tiempo de duración por evaluación de 252 minutos promedio. El acelerómetro fue ubicado con un cinturón elástico Actigraph® en la cadera del lado dominante y ajustado a 60segundos antes del comienzo de la jornada. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el software Actilife® versión 6.10.4. Las calorías totales, los METSy la intensidad de la jornada fueron determinados utilizando la fórmula de Freddson para niños con edades comprendidas entre los 6 a 18 años. Los resultados evidenciaron un gasto energético de 93,5±49,6 calorías en niñas con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad y 100,9±81,0 calorías en el grupo sin la patología. Los resultados mostraron valores similares entre los grupos en cuanto a las variables del gasto energético y la intensidad de la jornada, no encontrándose diferencias entre los grupos (p>0,05).Se concluye que no existieron diferencias en el gasto energético e intensidad de la jornada escolar entre niñas con TDAH y niñas que sin TDAH.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is one of the major neuropsychiatric disorders that occur in the infantile stage. The objective of scientific research has been evaluated by energy expenditure during the school day in a group of girls with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a group of girls who do not have this disorder. The sample consisted of 20 girls from the city of Viña del Mar, 10 of the girls diagnosed and treated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder versus 10 girls without diagnosis. The Ages of the sample ranged from 8 to 11 years with an average of 10.7±1.7 years. For the assessment and determination of energy expenditure were used Actigraph accelerometers brand® GTX3. Each girl was evaluated during three days by calculating an average duration of 252 minutes. The accelerometer was placed with an Actigraph® elastic belt in the hip of the dominant side and adjusted to 60 seconds before the start of the day. For the analysis of the data was used the software Actilife® version 6.10.4. The total calories, the Mets and the intensity of the day were determined by using the formula of Freddson for children between the ages of 6 to 18 years. Results showed an energy expenditure of 93.5±49.6 calories in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and 100.9±81.0 calories in the group without the pathology. The results showed similar values between the groups with regard to the variables of the energy expenditure and the intensity of the day, with no differences between groups (p> 0.05). It was concluded that there were no differences in energy expenditure and intensity of the school day between girls with ADHD and girls without ADHD.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is one of the major neuropsychiatric disorders that occur in the infantile stage. The objective of scientific research has been evaluated by energy expenditure during the school day in a group of girls with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a group of girls who do not have this disorder. The sample consisted of 20 girls from the city of Viña del Mar, 10 of the girls diagnosed and treated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder versus 10 girls without diagnosis. The Ages of the sample ranged from 8 to 11 years with an average of 10.7±1.7 years. For the assessment and determination of energy expenditure were used Actigraph accelerometers brand® GTX3. Each girl was evaluated during three days by calculating an average duration of 252 minutes. The accelerometer was placed with an Actigraph® elastic belt in the hip of the dominant side and adjusted to 60 seconds before the start of the day. For the analysis of the data was used the software Actilife® version 6.10.4. The total calories, the Mets and the intensity of the day were determined by using the formula of Freddson for children between the ages of 6 to 18 years. Results showed an energy expenditure of 93.5±49.6 calories in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and 100.9±81.0 calories in the group without the pathology. The results showed similar values between the groups with regard to the variables of the energy expenditure and the intensity of the day, with no differences between groups (p> 0.05). It was concluded that there were no differences in energy expenditure and intensity of the school day between girls with ADHD and girls without ADHD.
Notas
Tesis (Educación Física)
Palabras clave
Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad, Enseñanza Básica, Ejercicio Físico