Modelamiento de perforaciones de contorno en túnel y su efectividad en la disminución del daño por estallido de rocas
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2018
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Resumen
En la presente investigación se realizó un túnel modelado en FLAC 3D con datos obtenidos de dominio geológico de mina El Teniente. El modelo considera la incorporación de perforaciones de contorno para determinar los efectos que producen en la mitigación del estallido de rocas. Seis casos fueron analizados, un modelo sólo con el túnel, y modelos con una, dos, tres, cinco y diez perforaciones a 1.12 metros entre perforación y pared de la excavación. Las variables analizadas fueron esfuerzos principales mayor y menor, velocidades, deformaciones, factor de seguridad y criterios que determinan cualitativamente la intensidad/daño por estallido de rocas. Se utilizaron los criterios de Tao, Grimstad, Rusenses,y Wang et al. Se obtuvo una disminución de la intensidad/daño por estallido de rocas según Tao en un 80% de los casos, pasando de “alta actividad” de estallido de rocas a “mediana actividad” y según Grimstad en un 17% pasando de “lajamiento moderado y estallido de rocas” a solamente “lajamiento moderado”. Los resultados indican que la técnica funciona para mitigar la probabilidad/intensidad de estallido de rocas, sin embargo, se necesitan análisis dinámicos y en 3D para agregar más variables al modelo y concluir satisfactoriamente.
In the present investigation, a tunnel modeled in FLAC3D was carried out with data obtained from the El Teniente mine geological zone. The modeling performed includes the incorporation of boreholes to determine the effects they produce in mitigating rockburst. Six cases were analyzed, a model with only the tunnel, and models with one, two, three, five and ten perforations at 1.12 meters between drilling and excavation wall. The analyzed variables were major and minor principal stress, velocities, deformations, safety factor and criteria that qualitatively determine the probability/intensity of rockburst according to UCS over major principal stress and shear stress over UCS. The criteria of Tao, Grimstad, Rusensesand Wang et al were used. Decreased probability/intensity of rockburst was obtained according to Tao in 80% of cases, going from "high activity" of rock burst to "medium activity" and according to Grimstad in 17% going from "moderate slabbing" and rockburst" to only "moderate slabbing". The results indicate that the technique works to mitigate the probability/intensity of rockburst, however, dynamic and 3D analyzes are needed to include more variables and conclude satisfactorily.
In the present investigation, a tunnel modeled in FLAC3D was carried out with data obtained from the El Teniente mine geological zone. The modeling performed includes the incorporation of boreholes to determine the effects they produce in mitigating rockburst. Six cases were analyzed, a model with only the tunnel, and models with one, two, three, five and ten perforations at 1.12 meters between drilling and excavation wall. The analyzed variables were major and minor principal stress, velocities, deformations, safety factor and criteria that qualitatively determine the probability/intensity of rockburst according to UCS over major principal stress and shear stress over UCS. The criteria of Tao, Grimstad, Rusensesand Wang et al were used. Decreased probability/intensity of rockburst was obtained according to Tao in 80% of cases, going from "high activity" of rock burst to "medium activity" and according to Grimstad in 17% going from "moderate slabbing" and rockburst" to only "moderate slabbing". The results indicate that the technique works to mitigate the probability/intensity of rockburst, however, dynamic and 3D analyzes are needed to include more variables and conclude satisfactorily.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniería Civil en Minas)
Palabras clave
Minería Subterránea, Métodos de Simulación, Disminución del Riesgo, Investigaciones, Perforación, Modelos Matemáticos, Estallido de Rocas, Perforaciones de Contorno, Block Caving