Xerostomía: tratamientos locales, sistémicos y no convencionales. Un Scoping Review
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Fecha
2020
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La saliva es un fluido biológico secretado en la cavidad oral, esencial para la conservación del equilibrio en la salud de las personas. Es por esto que, ante su ausencia, no solo puede generar un gran daño estructural, sino también un impacto negativo en la calidad de vida, llegando a causar incluso aislamiento social. Objetivo: Compilar la evidencia disponible en los últimos 5 años de literatura especializada en los tratamientos de la xerostomía. Metodología: Se realizó un Scoping Review siguiendo el protocolo establecido por Arksey & O’Malley, en base a una pregunta de investigación en formato PICOT (Población (P); Intervención (I); Comparación (C); Outcomes o resultados (O); Tiempo (T)). La búsqueda se llevó a cabo incluyendo solo ensayos clínicos aleatorizados en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed y Ebsco. Resultados: La búsqueda sistemática realizada arrojó un total de 10.803 artículos científicos, de los cuales, 19 fueron incluidos en el presente estudio. Respecto a los estudios considerados, la mayoría (68.4%) se enfocó en las terapias locales, cuadruplicando tanto los tratamientos sistémicos, como los no convencionales. Conclusión: Los tratamientos locales siguen siendo la primera línea de tratamiento, en este contexto, el uso de ácido málico ha demostrado resultados concretos de su efectividad, lo que lo posiciona como una alternativa segura para el tratamiento de esta condición. No existe un mecanismo único de diagnóstico, así como tampoco de variables a analizar, lo que dificulta la comparación entre los estudios. Es por esto que, se ha vuelto imperante la necesidad de guiar las nuevas líneas investigativas hacia una estandarización de estos parámetros.
Saliva is a biological fluid secreted in the oral cavity, essential for the preservation of balance in people's health. That is why, in its absence, it can not only generate great structural damage, but also a negative impact on the quality of life, even causing social isolation. Objective: To compile the evidence available in the last 5 years of specialized literature on xerostomia treatments. Methodology: A Scoping Review was carried out following the protocol established by Arksey & O'Malley, based on a research question in PICOT (Patient, intervention, comparison, outcome and time) format. The search was carried out including only randomized clinical trials from the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and Ebsco databases. Results: The systematic search carried out yielded a total of 10,803 scientific articles, of which 19 were included in the present study. Regarding the studies considered, the majority (68.4%) focused on local therapies, quadrupling both systemic and non-conventional treatments. Conclusion: Local treatments remain the first line of treatment, in this context, the use of malic acid has shown concrete results of its effectiveness, which positions it as a safe alternative for the treatment of this condition. There is no single mechanism of diagnostic methodology, as well as variables to be analyzed, which is why the need to guide the new lines of research towards a standardization of these parameters has become imperative.
Saliva is a biological fluid secreted in the oral cavity, essential for the preservation of balance in people's health. That is why, in its absence, it can not only generate great structural damage, but also a negative impact on the quality of life, even causing social isolation. Objective: To compile the evidence available in the last 5 years of specialized literature on xerostomia treatments. Methodology: A Scoping Review was carried out following the protocol established by Arksey & O'Malley, based on a research question in PICOT (Patient, intervention, comparison, outcome and time) format. The search was carried out including only randomized clinical trials from the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and Ebsco databases. Results: The systematic search carried out yielded a total of 10,803 scientific articles, of which 19 were included in the present study. Regarding the studies considered, the majority (68.4%) focused on local therapies, quadrupling both systemic and non-conventional treatments. Conclusion: Local treatments remain the first line of treatment, in this context, the use of malic acid has shown concrete results of its effectiveness, which positions it as a safe alternative for the treatment of this condition. There is no single mechanism of diagnostic methodology, as well as variables to be analyzed, which is why the need to guide the new lines of research towards a standardization of these parameters has become imperative.
Notas
Trabajo de titulación (Cirujano Dentista, Licenciado en Odontología)
Palabras clave
Saliva (Análisis), Salud Bucal, Fluidos orales y bacterias, Tratamiento y Diagnóstico, Chile, Xerostomía