Caracterización del material de relave de la Mina Escondida en Puerto Guadal y análisis de su dispersión hacia zonas aledañas por vías superficiales, región de Aysen, Chile
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Fecha
2021
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Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
En la localidad de Puerto Guadal, ubicada en la Región de Aysén, entre los 43°40’S- 49°00’S
y 75°40’W- 70°40’W, se encuentran los materiales de relave de la mina Escondida que, entre los años 1950 a
1998 procesó minerales de Cu, Pb y Zn extraídos de un yacimiento hidrotermal vetiforme asociado a los
pórfidos riolíticos silicificados asignados al Jurásico. La categoría de abandono de la mina Escondida previa a
la ley 20.551 que regula el Cierre de Faenas e Instalaciones Mineras y la escasa información referente a la
misma sugiere la necesidad de contribuir con información geológica actualizada para identificar problemas y
proponer soluciones.
Utilizando como base los lineamientos proporcionados por la Guía Metodológica Para la Estabilidad
Química de Faenas e Instalaciones Mineras, se organizaron métodos instrumentales y predictivos para conocer
las propiedades de los materiales de relave de la mina Escondida que constituyen Fuentes Potencialmente
Generadoras de Drenaje Ácido de Mina con elevadas concentraciones de elementos potencialmente tóxicos
como; Cu, Pb, Zn y As. La distribución de estos elementos en el medio se asocia a la variación granulométrica
de la fracción fina aguas abajo sugiriendo la dispersión de los materiales de relave hacia los valles de la laguna
Escondida y río Los Maquis por vías superficiales como escorrentía superficial y viento. La utilización de
colectores de material eólico permite conocer la dirección predominante del viento como agente erosivo y
estimar su potencial mediante las cantidades retenidas para diferentes períodos.
In the town of Puerto Guadal, located in the Aysén Region, between 43 ° 40'S- 49 ° 00'S and 75 ° 40'W- 70 ° 40'W, there are tailings materials from the Escondida mine that, among the From 1950 to 1998, it processed Cu, Pb and Zn minerals extracted from a vetiform hydrothermal deposit associated with the silicified rhyolitic porphyries assigned to the Jurassic. The category of abandonment of the Escondida mine prior to Law 20,551 that regulates the Closure of Mining Works and Facilities and the scarce information regarding it suggests the need to contribute updated geological information to identify problems and propose solutions. Using as a basis the guidelines provided by the Methodological Guide for the Chemical Stability of Mining Works and Facilities, instrumental and predictive methods were organized to know the properties of the tailings materials of the Escondida mine that constitute Potentially Generating Sources of Acid Mine Drainage with high concentrations of potentially toxic elements such as; Cu, Pb, Zn and As. The distribution of these elements in the medium is associated with the granulometric variation of the fine fraction downstream, suggesting the dispersion of the tailings materials towards the valleys of the Escondida lagoon and Los Maquis river by surface routes. like surface runoff and wind. The use of collectors of wind material allows to know the predominant direction of the wind as an erosive agent and to estimate its potential by means of the amounts retained for different periods.
In the town of Puerto Guadal, located in the Aysén Region, between 43 ° 40'S- 49 ° 00'S and 75 ° 40'W- 70 ° 40'W, there are tailings materials from the Escondida mine that, among the From 1950 to 1998, it processed Cu, Pb and Zn minerals extracted from a vetiform hydrothermal deposit associated with the silicified rhyolitic porphyries assigned to the Jurassic. The category of abandonment of the Escondida mine prior to Law 20,551 that regulates the Closure of Mining Works and Facilities and the scarce information regarding it suggests the need to contribute updated geological information to identify problems and propose solutions. Using as a basis the guidelines provided by the Methodological Guide for the Chemical Stability of Mining Works and Facilities, instrumental and predictive methods were organized to know the properties of the tailings materials of the Escondida mine that constitute Potentially Generating Sources of Acid Mine Drainage with high concentrations of potentially toxic elements such as; Cu, Pb, Zn and As. The distribution of these elements in the medium is associated with the granulometric variation of the fine fraction downstream, suggesting the dispersion of the tailings materials towards the valleys of the Escondida lagoon and Los Maquis river by surface routes. like surface runoff and wind. The use of collectors of wind material allows to know the predominant direction of the wind as an erosive agent and to estimate its potential by means of the amounts retained for different periods.
Notas
Memoria (Geólogo)
Palabras clave
Relaves Mineros, Metales Pesados, Chile, Puerto Guadal