Flexibilidad de isquiotibiales : una comparación entre masaje tendioso versus técnicas de energía muscular en individuos sanos
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Fecha
2009
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La flexibilidad es un elemento básico para una óptima función corporal. Dentro de la musculatura del cuerpo humano los isquiotibiales (IQT) son uno de los grupos musculares con mayor predisposición a sufrir acortamientos. Existen diversas técnicas para aumentar la flexibilidad en los IQT. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo general comparar la efectividad de las Técnicas de Energía Muscular (TEM) versus Masaje tendinoso (MT), utilizadas para aumentar la flexibilidad de los IOT en hombres sanos. Los objetivos específicos son corroborar la efectividad de las TEM y del MT para aumentar la flexibilidad de los IQT, y además, determinar cuál técnica tiene mayores efectos al minuto 1, 3, 6 y 1 O después de ser aplicada. El presente estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, explicativo y cuasiexperimental. La muestra (n = 30) pertenece a estudiantes universitarios varones, con edades comprendidas entre 19 y 23 años (Edad promedio = 21 años, Estatura promedio = 1,70 mt.), los cuales presentaban los criterios de inclusión para participar de forma voluntaria en este estudio. Se evaluó la flexibilidad de la musculatura lsquiotibial de una extremidad inferior (El) escogida al azar. Luego de la evaluación, se aplicó un protocolo de Inducción Miofascial (IM) seguido de una de las dos técnicas (TEM MT) y se volvió a medir la flexibilidad al minuto 1, 3, 6 y 1 O. Una semana después, se volvió a medir la flexibilidad de los isquiotibiales de la misma extremidad inferior y se aplicó el mismo protocolo de IM seguido esta vez de la otra técnica, y se midió la flexibilidad al minuto 1, 3, 6 y 1 O. Para evaluar la flexibilidad se utilizó un goniómetro, y además se diseñó un dispositivo de madera, con la finalidad de facilitar la estabilización lumbo-pélvica para disminuir posibles compensaciones. Se consideró acortamiento de lsquiotibiales un ángulo poplíteo menor a 160°, evaluada por el Test de extensión pasiva de rodilla.
Utilizando t de student, se buscó determinar la existencia de diferencias entre ambas técnicas en relación a la cantidad de aumento de flexibilidad y a la duración de esta en los IOT.
Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que ambas técnicas son eficaces y producen un aumento significativo de la flexibilidad de los IOT, siendo las TEM las que presentan mayor efectividad.
The flexibility is a basic element far an optima! corporal function. Within the different muscles of the human body the hamstring are one of the muscle groups with greater predisposition to undergo shortening. Diverse techniques exist to increase the flexibility in the hamstring. The general purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of TEM versus TM used to improve the flexibility of the hamstring muscle group in healthy male subjects. The specific objectives are to corroborate the effectiveness of TEM and TM to improve the flexibility of the hamstring muscle group, and in addition, to determine which technique has majors effects at 1, 3, 6 and 1 O minutes after being applied. This study is quasiexperimental, explanatory and quantitative type. The sample (n = 30) belongs to male university students, with ages between 19 and 23 years old (Mean age = 21 years old, Mean Stature = 1,70cm.), which presented the inclusion criteria to participate voluntarily in this study. The flexibility of the hamstrings in one lower extremity was chosen randomly. After the evaluation, the subjects received a protocol of Miofascial induction plus a protocol of one of the two techniques (TEM or MT), followed by a measurement of the flexibility of the hamstrings at 1, 3, 6 and 1 O minutes later. One week later, the flexibility of the hamstring in the same lower extremity of the subject was measured, after this evaluation it was applied the same protocol of miofascial induction, followed this time by a protocol of the other technique, when finalizing the protocol the flexibility was evaluated at 1, 3, 6 and 1 O minutes later. Hamstring flexibility was quantified by a goniometer, also a wood device was designed in arder to facilitate the lumbopelvic stabilization to reduce possible compensations. Shortening hamstrings was considered by < 160° popliteal angle in the PKE Test. The results demonstrate that both techniques are effective, being the TEM the one that present more duration in the flexibility gain after minute 10.
The flexibility is a basic element far an optima! corporal function. Within the different muscles of the human body the hamstring are one of the muscle groups with greater predisposition to undergo shortening. Diverse techniques exist to increase the flexibility in the hamstring. The general purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of TEM versus TM used to improve the flexibility of the hamstring muscle group in healthy male subjects. The specific objectives are to corroborate the effectiveness of TEM and TM to improve the flexibility of the hamstring muscle group, and in addition, to determine which technique has majors effects at 1, 3, 6 and 1 O minutes after being applied. This study is quasiexperimental, explanatory and quantitative type. The sample (n = 30) belongs to male university students, with ages between 19 and 23 years old (Mean age = 21 years old, Mean Stature = 1,70cm.), which presented the inclusion criteria to participate voluntarily in this study. The flexibility of the hamstrings in one lower extremity was chosen randomly. After the evaluation, the subjects received a protocol of Miofascial induction plus a protocol of one of the two techniques (TEM or MT), followed by a measurement of the flexibility of the hamstrings at 1, 3, 6 and 1 O minutes later. One week later, the flexibility of the hamstring in the same lower extremity of the subject was measured, after this evaluation it was applied the same protocol of miofascial induction, followed this time by a protocol of the other technique, when finalizing the protocol the flexibility was evaluated at 1, 3, 6 and 1 O minutes later. Hamstring flexibility was quantified by a goniometer, also a wood device was designed in arder to facilitate the lumbopelvic stabilization to reduce possible compensations. Shortening hamstrings was considered by < 160° popliteal angle in the PKE Test. The results demonstrate that both techniques are effective, being the TEM the one that present more duration in the flexibility gain after minute 10.
Notas
Tesis (Kinesiología)
Palabras clave
Ingeniería Humana, Deportes, Aspectos Fisiológicos, Musculatura del cuerpo