Caracterización de la atención odontológica en adultos. Clínica de pregrado, Universidad Andrés Bello, Concepción 2016
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2016
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Antecedentes: Las Universidades trabajan en generar un recurso humano que satisfaga las necesidades de la población1. Actualmente existen pocos estudios que caractericen la atención odontológica de pregrado otorgada por las clínicas odontológicas de las Universidades Nacionales. Algunos antecedentes bibliográficos4 muestran que el mayor porcentaje de pacientes atendidos se ubican en el rango de 41 a 60 años, con mayor prevalencia del sexo femenino (63%), donde el 93,5% de los casos corresponde a atención de pacientes nuevos, con mayor demanda por motivos, tales como la perdida de piezas dentarias y caries. Dada la infraestructura y la atención integral que ofrece la Universidad Andrés Bello (UNAB), es importante caracterizar su atención.
Justificación: Caracterizar la atención odontológica de pregrado, se fundamenta en la necesidad de programar acciones según demanda poblacional, con evaluación de la capacidad de oferta en relación a horas clínicas y personal especializado, mejorando cobertura y calidad de atención.
Objetivo: Caracterizar la atención odontológica en adultos atendidos en la clínica odontológica de la UNAB, Concepción, año 2014 y 2015.
Material y métodos: Estudio observacional de prevalencia, con abordaje cuantitativo y analítico, en pacientes atendidos en la clínica odontológica de pregrado de la UNAB, Concepción, año 2014 y 2015. La muestra correspondió a 108 fichas clínicas, equivalentes a igual número de pacientes. Los datos analizados correspondieron a datos demográficos y de atención según área odontológica, los cuales fueron procesados en Software SPSS versión 23 y analizados mediante técnicas de estadística descriptiva e inferencial con uso de pruebas paramétricas y no paramétricas, como prueba chi-cuadrado, test t de Student y regresión lineal.
Resultados: El promedio de edad de los pacientes fue de 46 años, con un 65,7% de consultantes del sexo femenino, cuyo motivo de consulta fue funcional o estético. En rehabilitación oral , el perfil de atención muestra que de los pacientes atendidos el promedio de ellos tenía 7,6 piezas ausentes y 2,0 piezas con caries en el área maxilar, 5,77 piezas perdidas y 2,02 caries en el área mandibular respectivamente, siendo los principales tratamiento composites con un promedio de 5,36 por persona y las prótesis fijas unitarias, con 1,01 piezas por persona. En periodoncia el perfil de atención muestra que el promedio de los índices O´leary y gingival fue de 61,05 ± 29,32% y 1,29 respectivamente. El 68% de los hombres fumaba, y el principal diagnóstico fue periodontitis crónica. En endodoncia el principal diagnóstico fue pulpitis irreversible (28,3%), y el principal tratamiento la biopulpectomía (66,0%). Importante destacar que del total de pacientes atendidos el 74,1% poseía alta integral finalizando tratamiento, 7,4% parcial, y 18,5% alta disciplinaria o abandono de tratamiento.
Conclusión: Los pacientes que más se atendieron son de sexo femenino, con un promedio de 46 años de edad, el principal motivo de consulta fue el área de rehabilitación, y la mayor demanda de atención fue en rehabilitación oral. La mayor cantidad de altas fueron integrales, pero existe una gran cantidad de altas disciplinarias o abandonos de tratamiento, lo que hace fundamental buscar el motivo de esto.
Background: Universities work on creating human resources that satisfies the needs of the population. Nowadays there are a few studies that characterize undergraduate dental care provided by Dental Clinics of National Universities. Some bibliographic record shows that the highest percentage of treated patients are located in the range of 41 to 60 years, with higher prevalence of female gender (63%), where 93.5% of cases corresponds to attention to new patients with needs such as tooth loss and caries. Given the infrastructure and comprehensive care offered by Universidad Andrés Bello (UNAB), it is important to characterize their attention. Justification: Characterize undergraduate dental care, is based on the need to program actions according to needs of population with assessment in supply capacity in relation to clinical hours and specialized personnel, improving coverage and quality of care. Objetive: Characterize dental care in adults treated at the dental clinic, UNAB, Concepción, years 2014 – 2015. Material and methods: Observational study of prevalence, with quantitative and analytical approach, in patients treated at the undergraduate dental clinic, UNAB, Concepción, year 2014 and 2015. The sample corresponded to 108 medical records, equivalent to an equal number of patients. Analyzed data correspond to demographic data base and attention data base according to dental area wich was processed in SPSS software version 23, and analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques and inferential, with the use of parametric and non-parametric tests, such as Chi-Square test, T-Student test and lineal regression. Result: The average age of the patients was 46 years, with 65.7% of female consultants, whose motive for consulting was aesthetics or function. In oral rehabilitation, the attention profile shows that of the patiens attended the average of them had 7.63 missing tooth and 2.03 tooth with caries in the maxilla, and 5.77 teeth lost and 2.02 caries in mandible respectively, while the main treatments were composites with an average of 5,36 per person, and unitary fixed prostheses, with 1.01. In periodontia the attention profile shows that the average of O´leary and the gingival index was 61.05 ± 29.32% and 1.29 respectively. 68% of men smoke, and the main diagnosis was chronic periodontitis. In endodontics the main diagnosis was irreversible pulpitis (28.3%), and the main treatment was biopulpectomy (66.0%). It is important to emphasize that 74.1% of the total number of patients had integral discharge, and ended treatment, 7.4% partial, and 18.5% disciplinary or abandon. Conclusion: The most attended patients were female, with an average age of 46 years old, the main reason for consulting was the rehabilitation area, and the major demand was attended in oral rehabilitation. The most discharges were integral, but there are a lot of disciplinary discharges or treatment dropouts, which make it fundamental to look for the reason of this.
Background: Universities work on creating human resources that satisfies the needs of the population. Nowadays there are a few studies that characterize undergraduate dental care provided by Dental Clinics of National Universities. Some bibliographic record shows that the highest percentage of treated patients are located in the range of 41 to 60 years, with higher prevalence of female gender (63%), where 93.5% of cases corresponds to attention to new patients with needs such as tooth loss and caries. Given the infrastructure and comprehensive care offered by Universidad Andrés Bello (UNAB), it is important to characterize their attention. Justification: Characterize undergraduate dental care, is based on the need to program actions according to needs of population with assessment in supply capacity in relation to clinical hours and specialized personnel, improving coverage and quality of care. Objetive: Characterize dental care in adults treated at the dental clinic, UNAB, Concepción, years 2014 – 2015. Material and methods: Observational study of prevalence, with quantitative and analytical approach, in patients treated at the undergraduate dental clinic, UNAB, Concepción, year 2014 and 2015. The sample corresponded to 108 medical records, equivalent to an equal number of patients. Analyzed data correspond to demographic data base and attention data base according to dental area wich was processed in SPSS software version 23, and analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques and inferential, with the use of parametric and non-parametric tests, such as Chi-Square test, T-Student test and lineal regression. Result: The average age of the patients was 46 years, with 65.7% of female consultants, whose motive for consulting was aesthetics or function. In oral rehabilitation, the attention profile shows that of the patiens attended the average of them had 7.63 missing tooth and 2.03 tooth with caries in the maxilla, and 5.77 teeth lost and 2.02 caries in mandible respectively, while the main treatments were composites with an average of 5,36 per person, and unitary fixed prostheses, with 1.01. In periodontia the attention profile shows that the average of O´leary and the gingival index was 61.05 ± 29.32% and 1.29 respectively. 68% of men smoke, and the main diagnosis was chronic periodontitis. In endodontics the main diagnosis was irreversible pulpitis (28.3%), and the main treatment was biopulpectomy (66.0%). It is important to emphasize that 74.1% of the total number of patients had integral discharge, and ended treatment, 7.4% partial, and 18.5% disciplinary or abandon. Conclusion: The most attended patients were female, with an average age of 46 years old, the main reason for consulting was the rehabilitation area, and the major demand was attended in oral rehabilitation. The most discharges were integral, but there are a lot of disciplinary discharges or treatment dropouts, which make it fundamental to look for the reason of this.
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Tesis (Cirujano Dentista)
Palabras clave
Atención Odontológica