Exploración del uso de BIM para representar consideraciones de 6s en procesos constructivos
Cargando...
Archivos
Fecha
2018
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
En la búsqueda por mejorar sus procesos, el sector de la construcción presenta iniciativas
tanto en el sector público como en el privado para implementar metodologías y
herramientas tecnológicas. Debido a esto, en la actualidad las empresas constructoras
chilenas se enfrentan a una alta competitividad, la globalización y los avances en el mundo
promueven a lidiar con las mejores estrategias posibles para mejorar su productividad,
eliminando pérdidas y aumentando el valor de sus productos.
Esta investigación presenta la utilización de un modelo BIM como medio para representar
los elementos que se consideran dentro de la metodología 6S en obras de edificación. Esto,
se debe a la existencia de problemas de desorden, desorganización o falta de coordinación
que se ha podido constatar dentro de los proyectos en construcción. Por lo que, se busca
analizar si la existencia de problemas asociados a dicha metodología afecta a la
productividad de los proyectos.
En la primera etapa, se realiza una revisión a la literatura con los puntos de partida que son
relevantes como la metodología 6S, el modelo BIM y temas de Planificación, que nos
permitan estudiar el trabajo en conjunto de los 3 puntos antes descritos.
Como segunda etapa, se analizan el historial de 3 proyectos, ya ejecutados que nos
permitan identificar cada una de las “S” (Clasificar, Organizar Limpieza, Seguridad,
Mantener y Estandarizar), dentro de la documentación existente en cada uno de dichos
proyectos. Se realiza una medición de los KPI encontrados y de los avances mensuales
para las partidas investigadas.
Y una tercera etapa, que se puede ir construyendo en paralelo a la segunda fase, que es
realizar una representación preliminar del caso de estudio de las partidas en conjunto con
los métodos de 6S que se pueden visualizar. Se genera una pauta de evaluación
incorporándose las observaciones a la propuesta definitiva.
La encuesta realizada a los participantes de las reuniones de programación del proyecto
del caso de estudio se realizó para un total de 8 personas con el objetivo de resumir las
opiniones y ratificar la información entregada por los modelos, en el cual de todas las “S”
representadas la mejor evaluada alcanzo un 75% de aprobación en la representación
realizada a través del modelo 4D, siendo ésta la metodología S4 correspondiente a la seguridad. La metodología S2 correspondiente a la organización fue evaluada con un 67%
de aprobación. Y por otro lado la metodología S1-S3 correspondiente a la clasificación –
limpieza fue evaluada con un 49% de aprobación, pero no es bien recibida para la utilización
que se le quiere dar, solo muestra la secuencia constructiva que es de conocimiento por el
personal de la obra.
Con los resultados alcanzados se obtiene una propuesta definitiva que incorpora las
metodologías S2 y S4 para la representación a través del modelo 4D, en las metodologías
S1 y S3 se pueden realizar mejoras en investigaciones a futuro para una representación en
modelos 4D y las dos últimas metodologías S5 y S6 se cumplen al convertir en hábito la
utilización de las 4 metodologías anteriormente señaladas
In the search to improve their processes, the construction industry develops initiatives both in public and in the private sector to implement methodologies and technological tools. Therefore, the Chilean construction companies are today facing a high competitiveness, globalization and advances in the world that deal with the best possible strategies to improve their productivity, eliminating losses and increasing the value of their products. This research presents the use of a BIM model to represent the elements that are considered within the methodology 6S in construction works. There are problems of disorder, disorganization or lack of coordination that it has been established within the projects under construction. We aim to examine whether the existence of problems associated with this methodology affects the productivity of projects. In the first stage, we review the literature with the points of departure that are relevant for the 6S methodology, the BIM model and planning issues, that will allow us to study the joint work of the 3 previously mentioned points. In the second stage, we review documentation of three projects retrospectively. This procedure will allow us to identify each of the "S", within the existing documentation in each of these projects. We look for KPIS and monthly advances for the items investigated. In the third stage, parallel to the second stage, we perform a preliminary case study to achieve a representation of 6S that can be visually displayed on a 4D model. We develop a pattern of evaluation that incorporative the observations and feedback to the final proposal. We survey the participants of the meetings of the case study project. We interviewed eight people in order to summarize their views and ratify the information delivered by the models. All the "s" were represented and the best-evaluated reached 75% approval in the representations made using the 4D model, (S4 methodology relevant to security). S2 corresponding to the Organization methodology was evaluated with a 67% approval. On the other hand, the classification - cleaning S1-S3 methodology was evaluated with a 49% approval. Therefore, it is not well received for the use that you want to give, just show the construction sequence that is known by the staff of the work. With the results obtained a final proposal which incorporates methodologies S2 and S4 for the representation through the 4D model, S1 and S3 methodologies can be improvements in research future for a representation in 4D models and the two latest methodologies S5 and S6 are met by turning into habit using the 4 aforementioned methodologies.
In the search to improve their processes, the construction industry develops initiatives both in public and in the private sector to implement methodologies and technological tools. Therefore, the Chilean construction companies are today facing a high competitiveness, globalization and advances in the world that deal with the best possible strategies to improve their productivity, eliminating losses and increasing the value of their products. This research presents the use of a BIM model to represent the elements that are considered within the methodology 6S in construction works. There are problems of disorder, disorganization or lack of coordination that it has been established within the projects under construction. We aim to examine whether the existence of problems associated with this methodology affects the productivity of projects. In the first stage, we review the literature with the points of departure that are relevant for the 6S methodology, the BIM model and planning issues, that will allow us to study the joint work of the 3 previously mentioned points. In the second stage, we review documentation of three projects retrospectively. This procedure will allow us to identify each of the "S", within the existing documentation in each of these projects. We look for KPIS and monthly advances for the items investigated. In the third stage, parallel to the second stage, we perform a preliminary case study to achieve a representation of 6S that can be visually displayed on a 4D model. We develop a pattern of evaluation that incorporative the observations and feedback to the final proposal. We survey the participants of the meetings of the case study project. We interviewed eight people in order to summarize their views and ratify the information delivered by the models. All the "s" were represented and the best-evaluated reached 75% approval in the representations made using the 4D model, (S4 methodology relevant to security). S2 corresponding to the Organization methodology was evaluated with a 67% approval. On the other hand, the classification - cleaning S1-S3 methodology was evaluated with a 49% approval. Therefore, it is not well received for the use that you want to give, just show the construction sequence that is known by the staff of the work. With the results obtained a final proposal which incorporates methodologies S2 and S4 for the representation through the 4D model, S1 and S3 methodologies can be improvements in research future for a representation in 4D models and the two latest methodologies S5 and S6 are met by turning into habit using the 4 aforementioned methodologies.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero Civil)
Palabras clave
Modelado de Información de Construcción, Industria de la Construcción, Administración