Beneficios de la fibrina rica en plaquetas en cirugía de terceros molares: Scoping Review
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2020
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La extracción de terceros molares es un procedimiento rutinario dentro de las cirugías orales, éstas pueden requerir de tratamientos más complejos, sumado a que existen complicaciones post operatorias como alveolitis seca, alveolitis húmeda, inflamación, dolor post operatorio, entre otras.
La fibrina rica en plaquetas (PRF) es utilizada en diversas áreas de la salud, dado a su gran potencial en la cicatrización y estimulación de la angiogénesis. Es un biomaterial que promueve la síntesis de colágeno, estimula la regeneración en los tejidos, entre otras de sus acciones. Por lo que su aplicación en extracciones de terceros molares, debiese traer beneficios como la reducción de complicaciones post operatorias, cicatrización en menor tiempo y disminución de dolor post operatorio.
Objetivo: Exponer la evidencia más actualizada con respecto a los beneficios del uso de la fibrina rica en plaquetas, tanto en la regeneración de tejidos como en las complicaciones post operatorias en cirugías de terceros molares.
Materiales y métodos: Se realiza una búsqueda de literatura relevante respecto a la aplicación de PRF posterior a extracciones de terceros molares, utilizando las bases de datos Pubmed, LILACS y Scielo con los términos “platelet-rich fibrin” AND “third molar extraction”; “platelet rich fibrin” AND “wound healing”; “fibrina rica en plaquetas” & “terceros molares”.
Resultados: El PRF mostró mejorar la cicatrización de tejido blando y duro, en relación a las complicaciones post operatorias, el PRF disminuyó la inflamación y el dolor. Adicionalmente no existe evidencia significativa sobre los efectos en trismus y alveolitis.
Conclusión: Existen señales de beneficios del PRF en relación a la disminución de dolor e inflamación post operatoria y una mejora en la cicatrización de tejido blando y duro. La evidencia actual es escasa y no estandarizada, por lo que se requieren más estudios regidos por un mismo estándar metodológico.
The extraction of third molars is a routine procedure within oral surgeries, these may require more complex treatments, in addition to the fact that there are post-operative complications such as dry socket, wet socket, inflammation, post-operative pain, among others. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is used in various health areas, due to its great potential in healing and stimulating angiogenesis. It is a biomaterial that promotes collagen synthesis, stimulates tissue regeneration, among other actions. Therefore, its application in third molar extractions should bring benefits such as the reduction in post-operative complications, healing in less time and reduction in post-operative pain. The objective of this study is to present the most up-to-date evidence regarding the benefits of the use of platelet-rich fibrin in tissue regeneration and post-operative complications in third molar surgeries. Objective: Show the most up-to-date evidence regarding the benefits of the use of platelet-rich fibrin in tissue regeneration and post-operative complications in third molar surgeries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this, research on relevant literature is carried out, it includes the application of PRF after extractions of third molars, using the Pubmed, LILACS and Scielo databases with the terms “platelet-rich fibrin & quot; AND "third molar extraction ”;“ platelet-rich fibrin ”AND“ wound healing ”;“ fibrina rica en plaquetas ”&“ terceros molares ”. RESULT: PRF has shown to improve the healing of the soft and hard tissue. In relation to post-operative complications, PRF has decreased inflammation and pain. Additionally, there is no significant evidence on the effects on trismus and alveolitis. CONCLUSION: There are signs of benefits of PRF in relation to a reduction in pain and post-operative inflammation and an improvement in the healing of soft and hard tissue. More studies are needed as current evidence is scarce. Finally, standardizations are required to improve reproducibility.
The extraction of third molars is a routine procedure within oral surgeries, these may require more complex treatments, in addition to the fact that there are post-operative complications such as dry socket, wet socket, inflammation, post-operative pain, among others. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is used in various health areas, due to its great potential in healing and stimulating angiogenesis. It is a biomaterial that promotes collagen synthesis, stimulates tissue regeneration, among other actions. Therefore, its application in third molar extractions should bring benefits such as the reduction in post-operative complications, healing in less time and reduction in post-operative pain. The objective of this study is to present the most up-to-date evidence regarding the benefits of the use of platelet-rich fibrin in tissue regeneration and post-operative complications in third molar surgeries. Objective: Show the most up-to-date evidence regarding the benefits of the use of platelet-rich fibrin in tissue regeneration and post-operative complications in third molar surgeries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this, research on relevant literature is carried out, it includes the application of PRF after extractions of third molars, using the Pubmed, LILACS and Scielo databases with the terms “platelet-rich fibrin & quot; AND "third molar extraction ”;“ platelet-rich fibrin ”AND“ wound healing ”;“ fibrina rica en plaquetas ”&“ terceros molares ”. RESULT: PRF has shown to improve the healing of the soft and hard tissue. In relation to post-operative complications, PRF has decreased inflammation and pain. Additionally, there is no significant evidence on the effects on trismus and alveolitis. CONCLUSION: There are signs of benefits of PRF in relation to a reduction in pain and post-operative inflammation and an improvement in the healing of soft and hard tissue. More studies are needed as current evidence is scarce. Finally, standardizations are required to improve reproducibility.
Notas
Trabajo de titulación (Cirujano Dentista, Licenciado en Odontología)
Palabras clave
Fibrina rica en Plaquetas, Cicatrización de Heridas, Terceros Molares, Chile