Facilitadores y obstaculizadores en el proceso de fortalecimiento de los recursos familiares en el programa de reparaciĆ³n en maltrato (PRM) : una mirada desde la percepciĆ³n del trabajador social
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2024
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es
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Universidad AndrƩs Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
En Chile se han realizado esfuerzos para responder a las necesidades de la infancia y a las demandas de la ConvenciĆ³n sobre los Derechos del NiƱo (CDN), implementĆ”ndose una serie de programas que velen por este acatamiento. De allĆ, que el presente estudio se ha implementado en el Programa de ReparaciĆ³n en Maltrato Grave y Abuso Sexual (PRM) y tiene como propĆ³sito describir el rol de Trabajador Social en el contexto PRM ubicado en la RegiĆ³n del Maule, Provincia de CuricĆ³, especĆficamente en la comuna de Molina para visualizar una mirada sociojurĆdica que permita describir cĆ³mo este proceso fortalece los recursos familiares y sociales para el bienestar psicosocial de los niƱos, niƱas y adolescentes vĆctimas de maltrato y/o abuso. En este sentido, el rol del Trabajador Social, radica en cambiar la realidad del contexto familiar enfatizando en la realidad propia de cada familia en ingreso y posterior egreso, a travĆ©s de la entrega de herramientas en un periodo determinado de intervenciĆ³n de estos. Dado el objeto de estudio de esta investigaciĆ³n que es la percepciĆ³n sociojurĆdica del trabajador social ante los facilitadores y obstaculizadores en el proceso de fortalecimiento de los recursos familiares en el Programa de ReparaciĆ³n en Maltrato (PRM) se hace pertinente abordarlo bajo el enfoque Cualitativo. Siguiendo los indicadores propios de este paradigma se realizĆ³ una revisiĆ³n documental y se aplicĆ³ como tĆ©cnica de recolecciĆ³n de datos la entrevista semiestructurada a informantes clave, en este caso, facilitadores y obstaculizadores pertenecientes a equipos interdisciplinarios insertos en PRM, con la intenciĆ³n de obtener resultados que permitan describir la importancia de la intervenciĆ³n de los trabajadores sociales en la entrega de herramientas de movilizaciĆ³n para la protecciĆ³n de los NNA.
Los resultados arrojados estuvieron orientados en explorar las percepciones de los trabajadores sociales insertos en PRM en relaciĆ³n a los factores que obstaculizan y facilitan la intervenciĆ³n. A travĆ©s de un estudio cualitativo, con el objetivo de identificar las experiencias de estos en el campo de intervenciĆ³n social, desde la experiencia, los principales desafĆos y apoyos en su labor, los hallazgos revelan que los obstĆ”culos mĆ”s significativos se asocian a conductas maltratantes y normalizaciĆ³n de factores de riesgo que exponen a los NNA a nuevas vulneraciones los cuales comprometen el bienestar de estos, por otro lado, entre los facilitadores identificados, de visualiza la importancia de la adherencia y la permeabilidad de los adultos responsables en el proceso de intervenciĆ³n, lo cual se traduce a una adecuada participaciĆ³n para seguir con la directrices de los trabajadores sociales ademĆ”s, se subraya el valor del trabajo mancomunado de las redes intersectoriales ademĆ”s del trabajo de los profesionales multidisciplinarios desde el mismo PRM, este enfoque mejora sustancialmente la calidad de atenciĆ³n y activaciĆ³n de recursos de las familias lo que promueve un entorno seguro.
In Chile, efforts have been made to respond to the needs of children and the demands of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), implementing a series of programs to ensure compliance. Hence, this study has been implemented in the Program of Reparation in Serious Mistreatment and Sexual Abuse (PRM) and its purpose is to describe the role of the Social Worker in the PRM context located in the Maule Region, CuricĆ³ Province, specifically in the commune of Molina, in order to visualize a socio-legal perspective that allows describing how this process strengthens family and social resources for the psychosocial well-being of children and adolescent victims of mistreatment and/or abuse. In this sense, the role of the social worker lies in changing the reality of the family context, emphasizing the reality of each family at the time of entry and subsequent exit, through the delivery of tools in a given period of intervention. Given the object of study of this research, which is the socio-legal perception of the social worker regarding the facilitators and obstacles in the process of strengthening family resources in the Program for Reparation in Abuse (PRM), it is pertinent to approach it under the qualitative approach. Following the indicators of this paradigm, a documentary review was carried out and a semi-structured interview was applied as a data collection technique. The results were oriented to explore the perceptions of social workers inserted in PRM in relation to the factors that hinder and facilitate the intervention. Through a qualitative study, with the aim of identifying the experiences of these in the field of social intervention, from the experience, the main challenges and supports in their work, the findings reveal that the most significant obstacles are associated with abusive behaviors and normalization of risk factors that expose children to new violations which compromise their welfare, on the other hand, among the facilitators identified, the importance of the adherence and permeability of the social workers is visualized, On the other hand, among the facilitators identified, the importance of the adherence and permeability of the responsible adults in the intervention process, which translates into an adequate participation to follow the guidelines of the social workers, as well as the value of the joint work of the intersectoral networks and the work of the multidisciplinary professionals from the same PRM, is highlighted.
In Chile, efforts have been made to respond to the needs of children and the demands of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), implementing a series of programs to ensure compliance. Hence, this study has been implemented in the Program of Reparation in Serious Mistreatment and Sexual Abuse (PRM) and its purpose is to describe the role of the Social Worker in the PRM context located in the Maule Region, CuricĆ³ Province, specifically in the commune of Molina, in order to visualize a socio-legal perspective that allows describing how this process strengthens family and social resources for the psychosocial well-being of children and adolescent victims of mistreatment and/or abuse. In this sense, the role of the social worker lies in changing the reality of the family context, emphasizing the reality of each family at the time of entry and subsequent exit, through the delivery of tools in a given period of intervention. Given the object of study of this research, which is the socio-legal perception of the social worker regarding the facilitators and obstacles in the process of strengthening family resources in the Program for Reparation in Abuse (PRM), it is pertinent to approach it under the qualitative approach. Following the indicators of this paradigm, a documentary review was carried out and a semi-structured interview was applied as a data collection technique. The results were oriented to explore the perceptions of social workers inserted in PRM in relation to the factors that hinder and facilitate the intervention. Through a qualitative study, with the aim of identifying the experiences of these in the field of social intervention, from the experience, the main challenges and supports in their work, the findings reveal that the most significant obstacles are associated with abusive behaviors and normalization of risk factors that expose children to new violations which compromise their welfare, on the other hand, among the facilitators identified, the importance of the adherence and permeability of the social workers is visualized, On the other hand, among the facilitators identified, the importance of the adherence and permeability of the responsible adults in the intervention process, which translates into an adequate participation to follow the guidelines of the social workers, as well as the value of the joint work of the intersectoral networks and the work of the multidisciplinary professionals from the same PRM, is highlighted.
Notas
ArtĆculo AcadĆ©mico (MagĆster en IntervenciĆ³n Socio-JurĆdica en Familia)
Palabras clave
Maltrato Infantil, PolĆtica Gubernamental, Aspectos Sociales, IntervenciĆ³n Psicosocial, Programas Sociales, EvaluaciĆ³n, Trabajadores Sociales, Aspectos Morales y Ćticos, Chile, Molina.