El mortero y su uso como restaurador en monumentos patrimoniales
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Date
2019
Authors
Profesor/a GuÃa
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
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Abstract
La presente memoria inicia usando como base de la investigación al conglomerante conocido como mortero. Principalmente, el mortero tradicional se compone de agua, áridos (especialmente arena), cemento y algún aditivo o adiciones, en el caso de que lo requiera. Existen morteros de cal, de cemento, de junta, de revestimiento, entre otros. Cada uno de ellos tiene un uso determinado el cual se definirá según cómo esté compuesto; dicha composición -o dosificación-es importante ya que dará la resistencia mecánica y la trabajabilidad necesaria para que el mortero sea utilizado donde se desee. Se destacará el mortero de cal, el cual es utilizado para la restauración patrimonial. Este tipo de mortero tiene un importante uso en el rubro de la restauración debido a que posee una trabajabilidad adecuada, además su proceso de fraguado es rápido y tiene la capacidad de hacerlo bajo el agua. Es importante destacar que dicho mortero cuenta con esas caracterÃsticas debido a que, en el proceso de trituración de la cal, ésta es mezclada junto con arcilla. Los morteros, en general, son sometidos a ciertos ensayos que se describen en las Normas Chilenas; para este caso, los ensayos requeridos son de adherencia, consistencia, resistencia, entre otros. Si se requiere usar mortero para la restauración de monumentos patrimoniales, es necesario conocer las caracterÃsticas que debe cumplir a través de los ensayos ya nombrados.
This Report starts using as the basis of the investigation known as mortar binder. Primarily, the traditional mortar include water, aggregates (especially sand), cement and an additive or additions, in the case it requires. There are lime mortar, cement, sealing, coating, among others. Each has a specific use which will be defined by how it is made; dosage-, or composition that is important as it will give the necessary mechanical strength and workability to the mortar is used where desired. The lime mortar will be highlighted, which is used for the patrimonial restoration. This type of mortar has an important use in the field of restoration because it has an adequate workability, in addition its setting process is fast and has the ability to do it under water. It is important to note that said mortar has these characteristics because, in the process of grinding the lime, it is mixed together with clay. Mortars generally are subjected to certain tests described in the Chilean Standards; in this case, the required tests are grip, consistency, impermeability, strength and retentivity. If required use mortar for the restoration of heritage monuments, it is necessary to know the characteristics to be met through the already mentioned trials.
This Report starts using as the basis of the investigation known as mortar binder. Primarily, the traditional mortar include water, aggregates (especially sand), cement and an additive or additions, in the case it requires. There are lime mortar, cement, sealing, coating, among others. Each has a specific use which will be defined by how it is made; dosage-, or composition that is important as it will give the necessary mechanical strength and workability to the mortar is used where desired. The lime mortar will be highlighted, which is used for the patrimonial restoration. This type of mortar has an important use in the field of restoration because it has an adequate workability, in addition its setting process is fast and has the ability to do it under water. It is important to note that said mortar has these characteristics because, in the process of grinding the lime, it is mixed together with clay. Mortars generally are subjected to certain tests described in the Chilean Standards; in this case, the required tests are grip, consistency, impermeability, strength and retentivity. If required use mortar for the restoration of heritage monuments, it is necessary to know the characteristics to be met through the already mentioned trials.
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Tesis (Ingeniero en Construcción)
Keywords
Mortero, Pruebas, Normas, Monumentos, Conservación y Restauración