Identificación de sectores favorables para la recarga artificial de acuíferos en la cuenca del río Mataquito, VII región, Chile
2022
Tesis
es
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Notas
Memoria (Geólogo)
Resumen
El área de estudio se encuentra ubicada en la cuenca del Río Mataquito, VII región del Maule, en
la cual existen problemas de abastecimiento y una condición existente restricción, de
acuerdo con las necesidades hídricas proyectadas para mitad de siglo, producto del cambio
climático y aumento demográfico. Por consiguiente, en este trabajo se realizó un estudio
de identificación de sectores para la recarga artificial de un acuífero semiconfinado, por
medio de un sistema de evaluación multicriterio (EMC). Se identificaron seis factores
físicos: edafología, usos de suelos, pendientes, número de infiltración, geología y densidad de
fracturas a través de los cuales se generaron cartografías. Posteriormente mediante
un sistema de jerarquía analítica, estos factores son ponderados con el fin
de obtener un mapa de aptitud de recarga. Se pudo identificar 2 zonas potenciales
para recarga, aleñadas al río Teno y otra al río Lontué. Además, se realizó un cálculo para la zona del
río Teno, de probabilidad de excedencia donde se obtuvo el caudal neto, que pueda recargarse
sin que afectar las necesidades hídricas de la zona correspondiente a 181,5 l/s, donde posteriormente
se propuso la instalación de 2 tipos de mecanismo de recarga artificial: finalmente se realiza
un presupuesto económico para uno de ellos, correspondiente a zanjas de infiltración.
The study area is located in the Mataquito River basin, VII Maule region, in which there are supply problems and an existing restriction condition, according to the projected water needs for the middle of the century, as a result of climate change and increased demographic. Therefore, in this work, a study was carried out to identify sectors for the artificial recharge of a semi-confined aquifer, through a multi-criteria evaluation system (MCE). Six physical factors were identified: edaphology, land uses, slopes, infiltration number, geology and fracture density through which cartographies were generated. Subsequently, through an analytical hierarchy system, these factors are weighted in order to obtain a recharge aptitude map. It was possible to identify 2 potential areas for recharge, next to the Teno River and another to the Lontué River. In addition, a calculation was made for the area of the Teno River, of probability of exceedance where the net flow was obtained, which can be recharged without affecting the water needs of the area corresponding to 181.5 l/s, where the installation of 2 types of artificial recharge mechanism: finally, an economic estimate is made for one of them, corresponding to infiltration ditches.
The study area is located in the Mataquito River basin, VII Maule region, in which there are supply problems and an existing restriction condition, according to the projected water needs for the middle of the century, as a result of climate change and increased demographic. Therefore, in this work, a study was carried out to identify sectors for the artificial recharge of a semi-confined aquifer, through a multi-criteria evaluation system (MCE). Six physical factors were identified: edaphology, land uses, slopes, infiltration number, geology and fracture density through which cartographies were generated. Subsequently, through an analytical hierarchy system, these factors are weighted in order to obtain a recharge aptitude map. It was possible to identify 2 potential areas for recharge, next to the Teno River and another to the Lontué River. In addition, a calculation was made for the area of the Teno River, of probability of exceedance where the net flow was obtained, which can be recharged without affecting the water needs of the area corresponding to 181.5 l/s, where the installation of 2 types of artificial recharge mechanism: finally, an economic estimate is made for one of them, corresponding to infiltration ditches.
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello