Cuidar el nuevo modelo de salud : experiencias y expectativas de las enfermeras de atenciĆ³n primaria de salud
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Archivos
Fecha
2014
Autores
Profesor/a GuĆa
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad AndrƩs Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Los objetivos de este estudio fueron, por una parte, comprender lo que significa brindar cuidados de enfermerĆa en AtenciĆ³n Primaria de Salud, frente a los cambios que conlleva la implementaciĆ³n del nuevo modelo de salud en Chile y por otra, conocer las expectativas de las enfermeras en relaciĆ³n con su trabajo. Para esto se llevĆ³ a cabo en el 2013, una investigaciĆ³n cualitativa con abordaje desde la fenomenologĆa social de Alfred SchĆ¼tz. El estudio se hizo en base a una entrevista fenomenolĆ³gica con 13 enfermeras. Se develaron las siguientes categorĆas: cuidar en AtenciĆ³n Primaria es gratificante y mĆ”s autĆ³nomo; sobrecarga de actividades; cuidado comprensivo; necesidad de reconocimiento; cambios en los cuidados y
mejorar la gestiĆ³n tĆ©cnica y administrativa. La enfermera de AtenciĆ³n Primaria,
brinda cuidados mĆ”s autĆ³nomos a lo largo de todo el ciclo vital de las personas,
pese a que reconoce sobrecarga laboral por la diversidad de tareas y el
cumplimiento de metas mĆ”ximas. Logra una relaciĆ³n de cercanĆa a travĆ©s de su
capacidad de escucha y empatĆa, lo que revela su calidad humana y le confiere
mayor credibilidad. Espera ser reconocida por quienes reciben sus cuidados y por
los responsables de la gestiĆ³n en la instituciĆ³n. Se proyecta en la entrega de
cuidados mĆ”s centrados en lo espiritual y la aplicaciĆ³n del modelo de salud familiar.
Desea contar con lĆderes competentes, que mejoren la actual gestiĆ³n y optimicen los
limitados recursos de que se dispone.
The aim of this study has been to understand the actual meaning of proving nursing care in Primary Health Care, as well as finding out nurses' work expectations, in the context of facing the changes involved in implementing the new health care model in Chile. The study was practiced in 2013 using Alfred SchĆ¼tz's social phenomenology approach. lt was based on a phenomenological interview with 13 nurses. The following categories were found: Care in Primary Health is rewarding and more autonomous; work overload; comprehensive care; need for appreciation; changes in nursing care; management improvement. Findings suggest that Primary Health Care nurses provide autonomous care throughout people's lives in spite of acknowledging work overload due to task diversity and goal achievement needs. Nurses' sympathy causes them to look humane and reliable, thus helping them to develop a clase rapport with their care receivers. Primary Health Care nurses expect to be appreciated by patients as well as managers. They also expect that the nursing care to become focused on spiritual matters and work with family health model. Primary Health Care nurses think health institutions should be run by leaders who will improve the use of the resources available by means of new and more efficient management styles. Managers, teachers, and health providers working in the area should be aware of shortcomings specific to our Primary Care processes, as well as being able to appreciate their importance and meet them. A real approximation is expected from theory and practice to demands made by Primary Care nurses.
The aim of this study has been to understand the actual meaning of proving nursing care in Primary Health Care, as well as finding out nurses' work expectations, in the context of facing the changes involved in implementing the new health care model in Chile. The study was practiced in 2013 using Alfred SchĆ¼tz's social phenomenology approach. lt was based on a phenomenological interview with 13 nurses. The following categories were found: Care in Primary Health is rewarding and more autonomous; work overload; comprehensive care; need for appreciation; changes in nursing care; management improvement. Findings suggest that Primary Health Care nurses provide autonomous care throughout people's lives in spite of acknowledging work overload due to task diversity and goal achievement needs. Nurses' sympathy causes them to look humane and reliable, thus helping them to develop a clase rapport with their care receivers. Primary Health Care nurses expect to be appreciated by patients as well as managers. They also expect that the nursing care to become focused on spiritual matters and work with family health model. Primary Health Care nurses think health institutions should be run by leaders who will improve the use of the resources available by means of new and more efficient management styles. Managers, teachers, and health providers working in the area should be aware of shortcomings specific to our Primary Care processes, as well as being able to appreciate their importance and meet them. A real approximation is expected from theory and practice to demands made by Primary Care nurses.
Notas
Tesis (Doctor en EnfermerĆa)
Palabras clave
AtenciĆ³n Primaria de la Salud, AtenciĆ³n al Paciente, AtenciĆ³n de EnfermerĆa, Chile, Reforma de la AtenciĆ³n de Salud