Efectividad de las intervenciones en educación alimentaria y actividad física para la prevención de sobrepeso y/o obesidad en niños y niñas en etapa escolar de 6 a 12 años
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Archivos
Fecha
2020
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Introducción: Durante la infancia el exceso de peso, se debe principalmente a la grasa, el
cual es un factor de riesgo para la salud. Esta revisión sistemática busca hallar evidencia
respecto a la efectividad de las intervenciones multisectoriales en educación nutricional y
actividad física para prevenir y controlar el sobrepeso y la obesidad en escolares de 6 a 12
años. Además, a través de la información recopilada lograr aplicar intervenciones en los
centros de atención primaria, para incorporar y/o implementar nuevas prestaciones de salud
para contribuir en la reduccion de malnutricion por exeso en la población infantil.
Objetivo: Determinar a través de búsqueda de información metódica las intervenciones en
educación alimentaria y actividad física para la prevención de sobrepeso y/o obesidad en
escolares de 6 a 12 años.
Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos en la revisión sistemática, es que las intervenciones
educativas que mejores efectos han conseguido para disminuir el sobrepeso y/u obesidad
en los escolares de 6 a 12 años son las intervenciones combinadas o mixtas que trabajan
educación alimentaria y actividad física de manera conjunta, esto sumado con actividades
incluidas en el currículo normal escolar, actividades extracurriculares, talleres, programa de
educación alimentaria obligatoria y programas con la participación de padres y o
apoderados.
Conclusiones: Será óptimo que las intervenciones de educación nutricional y actividad
física en los niños y niñas de 6 a 12 años, integren todas las áreas relacionadas con la
prevención de malnutrición por exceso, es decir, componentes a nivel individual y del ámbito
psicosocial de los niños y niñas en etapa escolar, incluyendo actores principales como lo
son las familias, comunidad, establecimientos educacionales y centros de salud, además
que las distintas acciones se prolonguen en el tiempo y se evalúe el grado de realización y
potencial impacto de manera constante.
Intro: During childhood, overweight is caused mainly by fat which is a risk factor for health. This systematic check seeks for evidence concerning the effectiveness of multi-sectorial interventions in nutritional education and physical activity in order to prevent and control overweight and obesity in elementary students from 6 to 12 years old. Also, through this compiled information we can be able to apply interventions in different primary care centers to incorporate or/and implement new health benefits to contribute in the reduction of overnutrition in child population. Objective: To determine through the search of methodical information, the involvement in alimentary education and physical activity for the prevention of overweight and obesity in 6 to 12 year-old students. Results: The results obtained in the systematic review show that the educational interventions that have gotten the best effects by reducing overweight/obesity in students from 6 to 12 years old are the mixed interventions which work alimentary education and physical activity together. This added to regular activities included in the school curricular programs, extra-curricular activities, workshops, obligatory alimentary programs and the participation of parents and tutors. Conclusions: It will be optimal that these educational-nutritional interventions and physical activity in children from 6 to 12 years old integrate all areas related to the prevention of overnutrition, this means the components at an individual level and also the psychosocial ambit of the students in their elementary stage, including leading actors in this process as families, communities, schools and health centers, procuring that these actions remain in time and receive a constant evaluation in their fulfillment and its potential impact.
Intro: During childhood, overweight is caused mainly by fat which is a risk factor for health. This systematic check seeks for evidence concerning the effectiveness of multi-sectorial interventions in nutritional education and physical activity in order to prevent and control overweight and obesity in elementary students from 6 to 12 years old. Also, through this compiled information we can be able to apply interventions in different primary care centers to incorporate or/and implement new health benefits to contribute in the reduction of overnutrition in child population. Objective: To determine through the search of methodical information, the involvement in alimentary education and physical activity for the prevention of overweight and obesity in 6 to 12 year-old students. Results: The results obtained in the systematic review show that the educational interventions that have gotten the best effects by reducing overweight/obesity in students from 6 to 12 years old are the mixed interventions which work alimentary education and physical activity together. This added to regular activities included in the school curricular programs, extra-curricular activities, workshops, obligatory alimentary programs and the participation of parents and tutors. Conclusions: It will be optimal that these educational-nutritional interventions and physical activity in children from 6 to 12 years old integrate all areas related to the prevention of overnutrition, this means the components at an individual level and also the psychosocial ambit of the students in their elementary stage, including leading actors in this process as families, communities, schools and health centers, procuring that these actions remain in time and receive a constant evaluation in their fulfillment and its potential impact.
Notas
Tesina (Magíster en Gestión de Atención Primaria de Salud)
Palabras clave
Obesidad, En Lactancia y Niñez, Prevención y Control