Ser mujer vivenciando el cáncer, una perspectiva fenomenológica
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Fecha
2007
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Resumen
Esta investigación se originó en mi pensar reflexivo, crítico e inquisitivo en
torno a la experiencia de Cuidar a hombres y mujeres adscritos al Programa de
Cuidados Paliativos y de Alivio del Dolor por Cáncer del Hospital Dr. Lautaro Navarro
de Punta Arenas, observando en ellos y ellas una diferencia de género en el lenguaje y
sus distinciones al describir la experiencia de ser mujer enferma de Cáncer. La
perspectiva Fenomenológica Ontológica de Heidegger M. y la Filosofia y Ciencia del
Cuidado de Watson J., para abordar esta investigación sustentó filosófica y
metodológicamente la Trayectoria del Fenómeno Situado de Martins J., lo que me
permitió alcanzar el propósito del estudio vislumbrando caminos hacia una comprensión
ontológica del fenómeno de ser enferma de Cáncer en la etapa Terminal de la
enfermedad. A partir de la pregunta norteadora ¿Cómo ha sido para usted la
experiencia de ser enferma de Cáncer? de la Entrevista en Profundidad realizada a
cinco Participantes, la descripción y reducción de los Discursos dio lugar a las unidades
ontológicas del Ser mujer enferma de Cáncer: 1. Su Mundo vida; 2. El Significado de su
sufrimiento; 3. Su Autointerpretación; 4. Su Cuerpo enfermo de Cáncer; 5. Su Ser en el
Tiempo. El análisis Ideográfico y Nomotético de estas unidades permitieron que el
fenómeno situado en la experiencia existencial de las mujeres sea revelado y
comprendido por mi como un Ser y Estar en-la-enfermedad Cáncer, en un Tiempo que
se detiene ante el sufrimiento que genera el dolor y que solo puede ser liberado del
Cuerpo por la muerte. La existencia en el sufrimiento es re interpretada frente a la
separación de los seres queridos, especialmente por los hijos. Una vez aceptada la
trascendencia del rol de madre, la finitud de la vida cobra un sentido liberador
existencial para la mujer. Durante esta transición de significados ontológicos la mujer
necesita de Cuidados profesionales Enfermeros comprensivos y especializados en salud
mental y psiquiatría que den respuesta a la multicomplejidad de su experiencia desde
una dimensión de género.
This research gave nse to my reflective and critica! thinking around the experience of taking Care of men and women appointed to the program Cuidados Paliativos y de Alivio del Dolor por Cáncer del Hospital Dr. Lautaro Navarro de Punta Arenas, observing in them a difference of gender in language and its distinctions when describing the experience ofbeing a woman with Cancer. The Phenomenological Ontology perspective of Heidegger M., and the Philosophy and Science of Caring ofWatson J., to approach this research, the Way ofthe Phenomenon Located of Martins J. has supported philosophically and methodologically, which has allowed me to reach the intention of the study glimpsing ways to a ontology comprehension ofthe Phenomenon of being a woman with Cancer in the Terminal Stage of the disease. Starting from the question: How have you felt the experience of being a woman with Cancer? From the interview taken to 5 Participants. The Description and Reduction of the speeches gave rise to the Ontological Units of being a woman who suffers from Cancer: J. Her World Life, 2. The meaning of her Suffering, 3. Her Self interpretation, 4. Her Body wit/1 Cancer, 5. Her being in Time. The Ideographic and Nomothetic analysis ofthese Units allowed the Phenomenon Located in the Existential Experience ofWomen to be revealed and comprehended by me as Being and To Be in the disease of Cancer, in a Time lliat stops befo re the suffering that genera tes the pain and which can only be freed of the Body by the Death. The Existence in the Suffering is re interpreted befare the separation of the beloved beings, especially by the sons and daughters. Once the transcendence of mother role is accepted, the finite of life gets an existential liberator sense to the woman. During this Transition of Ontological Meanings, the woman needs the Professional Cares of Comprehensive Care and Specialized in Mental Health and Psychiatry who can give an answer to the complexity of the experience from a dimension of gender.
This research gave nse to my reflective and critica! thinking around the experience of taking Care of men and women appointed to the program Cuidados Paliativos y de Alivio del Dolor por Cáncer del Hospital Dr. Lautaro Navarro de Punta Arenas, observing in them a difference of gender in language and its distinctions when describing the experience ofbeing a woman with Cancer. The Phenomenological Ontology perspective of Heidegger M., and the Philosophy and Science of Caring ofWatson J., to approach this research, the Way ofthe Phenomenon Located of Martins J. has supported philosophically and methodologically, which has allowed me to reach the intention of the study glimpsing ways to a ontology comprehension ofthe Phenomenon of being a woman with Cancer in the Terminal Stage of the disease. Starting from the question: How have you felt the experience of being a woman with Cancer? From the interview taken to 5 Participants. The Description and Reduction of the speeches gave rise to the Ontological Units of being a woman who suffers from Cancer: J. Her World Life, 2. The meaning of her Suffering, 3. Her Self interpretation, 4. Her Body wit/1 Cancer, 5. Her being in Time. The Ideographic and Nomothetic analysis ofthese Units allowed the Phenomenon Located in the Existential Experience ofWomen to be revealed and comprehended by me as Being and To Be in the disease of Cancer, in a Time lliat stops befo re the suffering that genera tes the pain and which can only be freed of the Body by the Death. The Existence in the Suffering is re interpreted befare the separation of the beloved beings, especially by the sons and daughters. Once the transcendence of mother role is accepted, the finite of life gets an existential liberator sense to the woman. During this Transition of Ontological Meanings, the woman needs the Professional Cares of Comprehensive Care and Specialized in Mental Health and Psychiatry who can give an answer to the complexity of the experience from a dimension of gender.
Notas
Tesis (Magíster en Enfermería, Mención Investigación)
Palabras clave
Cuidado Terminal, Filosofía de la Enfermería, Fenomenología, Cuidados comprensivos, Dimensión de género, Chile