Uso de relaves de cobre como material cementante en morteros geopolímeros de construcción
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Fecha
2023
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
El presente estudio de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el uso de relaves de cobre como material cementante en morteros geopolímeros de construcción. Si bien, en la actualidad existen estudios sobre diversas fuentes de aluminosilicatos utilizadas como material precursor para la elaboración de geopolímeros, el enfoque de esta investigación es analizar específicamente los
relaves de cobre ya que, según antecedentes, estos presentan altos índices de óxido de silicio y óxido de aluminio en su composición, al igual que una amplia disponibilidad de este recurso en el País.
El hormigón geopolímero es un material sostenible que nace a partir de polímeros inorgánicos de tipo mineral, como puede ser la ceniza volante, escorias granuladas de alto horno, relaves mineros, entre otros. Este hormigón se compone por un material precursor (fuente de aluminosilicatos), una solución alcalina activadora y sus agregados.
La motivación de este estudio radica en el creciente interés por analizar nuevos materiales de construcción que contribuyan con el desarrollo sustentable de la industria, utilizando residuos de diversas actividades, esto debido a los grandes daños medioambientales y la elevada cantidad de recursos que utilizan los materiales de construcción. Debido a lo mencionado anteriormente, es necesario indagar en nuevos materiales sostenibles, generando una producción y consumo responsable.
Para llevar a cabo la investigación, la metodología contemplará 3 etapas. La primera etapa aborda la revisión y recopilación bibliográfica respecto a los antecedentes a nivel mundial del hormigón geopolímero. La segunda etapa contempla el desarrollo bibliográfico y experimental para abordar los resultados esperados y por último, en la tercera etapa, se analizan los resultados obtenidos, buscando evaluar las ventajas y desventajas del hormigón geopolímero respecto al hormigón convencional, validar técnicamente los morteros elaborados, al igual que sus potenciales aplicaciones.
Se elaboraron morteros geopoliméricos en base a dosificaciones propuestas en estudios anteriores, utilizando como material precursor relaves de cobre, con el fin de ensayar su resistencia mecánica a la compresión y flexión, al igual que su consistencia. Estos morteros se clasifican mediante la norma NCh2256/1:2013, evaluando potenciales aplicaciones en materiales de morteros.
The present research study aims to analyze the use of copper tailings as a cementitious material in geopolymer construction mortars. Although there are currently studies on different sources of aluminosilicates used as precursor material for the elaboration of geopolymers, the focus of this research is to specifically analyze copper tailings since, according to antecedents, these have high levels of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide in their composition, as well as a wide availability of this resource in the country. Geopolymer concrete is a sustainable material made from inorganic polymers of mineral type, such as fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag, mining tailings, among others. This concrete is composed of a precursor material (source of aluminosilicates), an activating alkaline solution and its aggregates. The motivation for this study lies in the growing interest in analyzing new construction materials that contribute to the sustainable development of the industry, using waste from various activities, due to the great environmental damage and the high amount of resources used by construction materials. Due to the above mentioned, it is necessary to investigate new sustainable materials, generating a responsible production and consumption. In order to carry out the research, the methodology will contemplate 3 stages. The first stage deals with the bibliographic review and compilation regarding the worldwide background of geopolymer concrete. The second stage contemplates the bibliographic and experimental development to address the expected results and finally, in the third stage, the results obtained are analyzed, seeking to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of geopolymer concrete with respecct to conventional concrete, to technically validate the mortars produced, as well as their potential applications. Geopolymer mortars were elaborated based on dosages proposed in previous studies, using copper tailings as precursor material, in order to test their mechanical resistance to compression and bending, as well as their consistency. These mortars are classified according to NCh2256/1:2013, evaluating potential applications in mortar materials.
The present research study aims to analyze the use of copper tailings as a cementitious material in geopolymer construction mortars. Although there are currently studies on different sources of aluminosilicates used as precursor material for the elaboration of geopolymers, the focus of this research is to specifically analyze copper tailings since, according to antecedents, these have high levels of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide in their composition, as well as a wide availability of this resource in the country. Geopolymer concrete is a sustainable material made from inorganic polymers of mineral type, such as fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag, mining tailings, among others. This concrete is composed of a precursor material (source of aluminosilicates), an activating alkaline solution and its aggregates. The motivation for this study lies in the growing interest in analyzing new construction materials that contribute to the sustainable development of the industry, using waste from various activities, due to the great environmental damage and the high amount of resources used by construction materials. Due to the above mentioned, it is necessary to investigate new sustainable materials, generating a responsible production and consumption. In order to carry out the research, the methodology will contemplate 3 stages. The first stage deals with the bibliographic review and compilation regarding the worldwide background of geopolymer concrete. The second stage contemplates the bibliographic and experimental development to address the expected results and finally, in the third stage, the results obtained are analyzed, seeking to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of geopolymer concrete with respecct to conventional concrete, to technically validate the mortars produced, as well as their potential applications. Geopolymer mortars were elaborated based on dosages proposed in previous studies, using copper tailings as precursor material, in order to test their mechanical resistance to compression and bending, as well as their consistency. These mortars are classified according to NCh2256/1:2013, evaluating potential applications in mortar materials.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero Civil)
Palabras clave
Morteros, Relaves (Cobre), Agregados (Materiales de Construcción), Pruebas.