Ejercicio de la maternidad en mujeres diagnosticadas con artritis reumatoide
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2019
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Resumen
A continuación, se presenta una investigación de campo llevada a cabo bajo el paradigma cualitativo, la cual tiene por objetivo comprender el ejercicio de la maternidad en mujeres diagnosticadas con Artritis Reumatoide (AR). La recolección de información se llevó a cabo por medio de la técnica de entrevistas semiestructuradas, con un enfoque cualitativo fenomenológico. Las sujetas de estudio fueron cuatros mujeres de las comunas de Viña del Mar, Valparaíso y Quilpué.
La bibliografía de la AR es extensa en cuanto a las repercusiones que existe en los distintos sistemas corporales de las personas, en cambio, es escasa en investigación y en la praxis de la Terapia Ocupacional. De esta manera es relevante sistematizar las experiencias de vida en mujeres con AR en el ejercicio de la maternidad y como la condición de salud, altera su identidad y desempeño ocupacional.
Como resultado de la investigación, se puede observar que el ejercicio de la maternidad en mujeres diagnosticadas con AR evidencia que el tratamiento de esta patología solo se remite a la entrega de fármacos por el sistema de salud en Chile, no considera a la persona como un ser integral, desconociendo el contexto en el cual se desenvuelve. Además, la carencia de profesionales del área de la salud, las escasas horas de atención de especialistas y de la disciplina de Terapia Ocupacional con un abordaje interdisciplinario, perpetúan que las atenciones en salud sigan desde un enfoque biomédico y reduccionista.
Por lo tanto, las mujeres con AR que deciden ejercer la maternidad, deben investigar de forma autónoma para realizar adaptaciones y modificaciones en las tareas que demanda el ejercicio de este rol.
Next, a field investigation carried out under the qualitative paradigm is presented, which aims to understand the exercise of motherhood in women diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The collection of information was carried out through the technique of semi-structured interviews, with a phenomenological qualitative approach. The subjects of study were four women from the communes of Viña del Mar, Valparaíso and Quilpué. The bibliography of RA is extensive in terms of the repercussions that exist in the different body systems of people, however, it is scarce in research and in the practice of Occupational Therapy. In this way it is relevant to systematize life experiences in women with RA in the exercise of motherhood and as the health condition, alters their identity and occupational performance. As a result of the investigation, it can be observed that the exercise of maternity in women diagnosed with RA shows that the treatment of this pathology only refers to the delivery of drugs by the health system in Chile, does not consider the person as a be integral, ignoring the context in which it operates. In addition, the lack of professionals in the area of health, the few hours of attention of specialists and the discipline of Occupational Therapy with an interdisciplinary approach, perpetuate that health care follow from a biomedical and reductionist approach. Therefore, women with RA who decide to practice motherhood should investigate autonomously to make adaptations and modifications in the tasks that the exercise of this role demands.
Next, a field investigation carried out under the qualitative paradigm is presented, which aims to understand the exercise of motherhood in women diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The collection of information was carried out through the technique of semi-structured interviews, with a phenomenological qualitative approach. The subjects of study were four women from the communes of Viña del Mar, Valparaíso and Quilpué. The bibliography of RA is extensive in terms of the repercussions that exist in the different body systems of people, however, it is scarce in research and in the practice of Occupational Therapy. In this way it is relevant to systematize life experiences in women with RA in the exercise of motherhood and as the health condition, alters their identity and occupational performance. As a result of the investigation, it can be observed that the exercise of maternity in women diagnosed with RA shows that the treatment of this pathology only refers to the delivery of drugs by the health system in Chile, does not consider the person as a be integral, ignoring the context in which it operates. In addition, the lack of professionals in the area of health, the few hours of attention of specialists and the discipline of Occupational Therapy with an interdisciplinary approach, perpetuate that health care follow from a biomedical and reductionist approach. Therefore, women with RA who decide to practice motherhood should investigate autonomously to make adaptations and modifications in the tasks that the exercise of this role demands.
Notas
Tesis (Terapia Ocupacional)
Palabras clave
Maternidad, Rehabilitación, Embarazadas, Desempeño Ocupacional, Calidad de Vida, Artritis Reumatoide