Impacto de la contaminación lumínica artificial en la noche (ALAN) sobre aspectos ecofisiológicos en Amphiprion ocellaris (Cuvier,1830)
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Date
2020
Authors
Valdivia Contreras, Cristopher Matías
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
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Abstract
El incremento de las actividades antrópicas en el último tiempo ha
generado que extensas zonas geográficas terrestres y costeras, se vean
afectadas por periodos continuos de exposición a la luz causados por la
contaminación lumínica artificial en la noche (ALAN), de manera que ALAN es un
tipo de contaminación de origen antropogénico que incrementa a una tasa de
6% por año. Los estudios del impacto de ALAN han sido desarrollados
principalmente en ecosistemas terrestres, mientras que los efectos de ALAN en
ecosistemas marinos son escasamente conocidos. ALAN, es reconocido por ser
un estresor que afecta la fisiología, comportamiento, interacciones biológicas,
migraciones y ecología de las especies por lo que supone una amenaza para la
biodiversidad. EL “pez payaso” Amphiprion ocellaris es una especie carismática
habitante de arrecifes de coral expuestos a la contaminación de ALAN. Por tanto,
es necesario determinar si intensidades reales de ALAN pueden modificar
aspectos conductuales y energéticos sobre peces juveniles de Amphiprion
ocellaris. Para comprender los efectos de ALAN sobre organismos marinos, este
estudio examino como intensidades reales de ALAN alteraron (1) selección del
hábitat lumínico, (2) patrones de comportamiento y (3) Redimiendo fisiológico
(consumo de oxígeno) sobre juveniles de Amphiprion ocellaris bajo regímenes de
luz control (12:12 día-noche) y tratamientos (12:12 día-ALAN). Nosotros
detectamos que los peces expuestos ALAN presentaron alteraciones en la
selección del hábitat lumínico, preferían los sectores iluminados, además
presentaron intensa actividad durante la noche, sin alteración del consumo de
oxígeno. Los resultados obtenidos sugirieren que las intensidades de ALAN
cercanas a 60 lux pueden alterar fuertemente la selección del hábitat de lumínico
y los patrones de comportamiento de las poblaciones de peces payaso.
In the last time the increase of anthropic activities has generated that extensive terrestrial and coastal geographical areas are affected by continuous periods of exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN). ALAN is considered an anthropogenic pollution that increases a rate of 6% per year. Researches on the ALAN impacts have been developed mainly on terrestrial ecosystems, while the effects of this stressor on marine ecosystems are still poorly known. ALAN is recognized as a stressor that affects biological responses such as: physiology process, animal behavior, biological interactions and migrations, thus ALAN is indicted as a biodiversity threat. In this line to determine the impacts of light attributes as intensity is an urgent need. The juvenile individuals of Amphiprion ocellaris “Clown fish” a charismatic fish that inhabit coral reef a habitat exposed to ALAN pollution. The aim of the present work was assessed if exposure to different ALAN intensity modified (1) selection of light habitat, (2) behavior patterns and (3) oxygen consumption of juvenile Amphiprion ocellaris under control (12:12 day-night) and two treatment (12:12 day-30 lux of ALAN and 60 lux of ALAN) light regimes. We observed that fish exposed to ALAN showed an active selection by illuminated sectors in experimental trials, furthermore this fish exhibited intense activity at night, however no impact on oxygen consumption was observed. Therefore, our results suggested that ALAN intensities nearest to 60 lux can strongly alter the light habitat selection and behavior patterns on Amphiprion ocellaris fish populations.
In the last time the increase of anthropic activities has generated that extensive terrestrial and coastal geographical areas are affected by continuous periods of exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN). ALAN is considered an anthropogenic pollution that increases a rate of 6% per year. Researches on the ALAN impacts have been developed mainly on terrestrial ecosystems, while the effects of this stressor on marine ecosystems are still poorly known. ALAN is recognized as a stressor that affects biological responses such as: physiology process, animal behavior, biological interactions and migrations, thus ALAN is indicted as a biodiversity threat. In this line to determine the impacts of light attributes as intensity is an urgent need. The juvenile individuals of Amphiprion ocellaris “Clown fish” a charismatic fish that inhabit coral reef a habitat exposed to ALAN pollution. The aim of the present work was assessed if exposure to different ALAN intensity modified (1) selection of light habitat, (2) behavior patterns and (3) oxygen consumption of juvenile Amphiprion ocellaris under control (12:12 day-night) and two treatment (12:12 day-30 lux of ALAN and 60 lux of ALAN) light regimes. We observed that fish exposed to ALAN showed an active selection by illuminated sectors in experimental trials, furthermore this fish exhibited intense activity at night, however no impact on oxygen consumption was observed. Therefore, our results suggested that ALAN intensities nearest to 60 lux can strongly alter the light habitat selection and behavior patterns on Amphiprion ocellaris fish populations.
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Tesis (Licenciado en Biología)
Keywords
Peces, Aspectos Ecofisiológicos, Contaminación Lumínica