Revisión bibliográfica sobre la farmacocinética y farmacodinamia de tratamientos antifungicos sistémicos en la práctica clínica
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Los medicamentos antifúngicos son el principal tratamiento para infecciones
locales o sistémicas producidas por hongos, siendo éstos muy importantes a nivel
ambulatorio y hospitalario. Estos medicamentos se pueden clasificar en distintas
familias, diferenciándose principalmente en el mecanismo de acción que
presentan contra las infecciones micóticas, pudiendo encontrar antimicóticas con
estructura poliénica y no poliénica, azoles, alilaminas, pirimidinas fluoradas y
equinocandinas.
Para alcanzar una correcta monitorización y dosificación de fármacos es esencial
determinar el perfil farmacocinético y farmacodinámico de éstos, considerando la
susceptibilidad de los microorganismos y obteniendo una relación entre la
concentración del fármaco en el sitio de acción y la respuesta que produce.
El objetivo general de esta revisión bibliográfica es realizar recomendaciones para
la dosificación segura de terapias antifúngicas sistémicas en base a la revisión de
estudios que relacionan las características farmacocinéticas y farmacodinámicas
de dichos tratamientos.
Este estudio se realizó bajo la metodología de revisión bibliográfica de
publicaciones de pacientes que presentaban infecciones micóticas requiriendo un
tratamiento antifúngico, analizando la evidencia científica de estudios publicados
desde el 2015 hasta la actualidad, obtenidos desde base de datos como PubMed.
Se logró realizar un análisis de estudios PK/PD de algunos tratamientos
antifúngicos utilizados en la práctica clínica mediante la diferenciación y análisis de
información recopilada desde la base de datos mencionada, logrando el objetivo
general respecto a las recomendaciones de dosificación de estudios que
relacionan dichas características.
Se concluyó que todos los tratamientos antifúngicos poseen una alta variabilidad
inter e intraindividual, por lo que es importante la monitorización terapéutica de
este tipo de medicamentos, ajustando dosis en caso de ser necesario, para así
evitar resistencias y posibles efectos adversos, aumentando la eficacia en los
tratamientos.
Antifungal medications are the primary treatment for infections caused by fungi, both local and systemic, and are very important at the outpatient and hospital levels. These medications can be classified into different families, differing mainly in their mechanism of action against fungal infections, including antibiotics with polyene and non-polyene structures, azoles, allylamines, fluorinated pyrimidines, and echinocandins. To evaluate the correct monitoring and dosing of drugs, it is essential to determine the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile considering the susceptibility of the microorganisms, obtaining a relationship between the drug concentration at the site of action and the response it produces. The general objective of this literature review is to make recommendations for the safe dosing of systemic antifungal therapies based on the review of studies that relate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of these treatments. This study was carried out using the methodology of bibliographic review of publications of patients who presented fungal infections requiring antifungal treatment, analyzing the scientific evidence of studies published from 2015 to the present, obtained from databases such as PubMed. It was possible to analyze PK/PD studies of some antifungal treatments used in clinical practice through the differentiation and analysis of information collected from the above database, achieving the general objective regarding the dosage recommendations of studies that relate these characteristics. It was concluded that all antifungal treatments have a high inter- and intraindividual variability, therefore, it is essential to monitor this type of medication, adjusting doses if necessary to avoid resistance and possible adverse effects, increasing patients effectiveness treatments
Antifungal medications are the primary treatment for infections caused by fungi, both local and systemic, and are very important at the outpatient and hospital levels. These medications can be classified into different families, differing mainly in their mechanism of action against fungal infections, including antibiotics with polyene and non-polyene structures, azoles, allylamines, fluorinated pyrimidines, and echinocandins. To evaluate the correct monitoring and dosing of drugs, it is essential to determine the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile considering the susceptibility of the microorganisms, obtaining a relationship between the drug concentration at the site of action and the response it produces. The general objective of this literature review is to make recommendations for the safe dosing of systemic antifungal therapies based on the review of studies that relate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of these treatments. This study was carried out using the methodology of bibliographic review of publications of patients who presented fungal infections requiring antifungal treatment, analyzing the scientific evidence of studies published from 2015 to the present, obtained from databases such as PubMed. It was possible to analyze PK/PD studies of some antifungal treatments used in clinical practice through the differentiation and analysis of information collected from the above database, achieving the general objective regarding the dosage recommendations of studies that relate these characteristics. It was concluded that all antifungal treatments have a high inter- and intraindividual variability, therefore, it is essential to monitor this type of medication, adjusting doses if necessary to avoid resistance and possible adverse effects, increasing patients effectiveness treatments
Notas
Seminario (Química Farmacéutica)
Palabras clave
Farmacocinética, Farmacología, Medicamentos Antifúngicos, Administracion y Dosificación