Estado periodontal de dientes pilares en pacientes portadores de prótesis parciales removibles y su relación con las vías de carga protésica
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Fecha
2016
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Resumen
Antecedentes: Un alto porcentaje de la población chilena, y en particular el grupo de adultos mayores, presenta desdentamiento. En un estudio realizado por Misrachi y Lamadrid en 228 adultos mayores, se observó que un 67,5%, usaba prótesis, cuyo diseño el 47,4% era defectuoso y presentaban mayor probabilidad de generar enfermedad periodontal. Algunas investigaciones que han evaluado el efecto de la prótesis parcial removible (PPR) sobre la salud gingival y periodontal demuestran que los dientes pilares contenidos en su diseño desarrollan significativamente más enfermedad periodontal comparándolos con aquellas piezas dentarias naturales que no actúan como piezas pilares en el diseño protésico.
Justificación: Esta investigación se fundamentó en la necesidad de evaluar los factores que influyen en el estado periodontal, se midió el estado periodontal de dientes pilares en pacientes portadores de prótesis parciales removibles y su relación con las vías de carga protésica, y así poder sugerir medidas de higiene, diseño protésico y mantención adecuada de la prótesis por parte del paciente y el dentista.
Objetivo: Determinar la influencia del tipo de vía de carga protésica en el estado periodontal de las piezas pilares de prótesis parciales removible en pacientes atendidos en la clínica odontológica de la Universidad Andrés Bello, Concepción, año 2016.
Material y Métodos: Estudio de campo con abordaje cuantitativo cuyo diseño es Observacional: de prevalencia; retrospectivo, transversal y analítico, en pacientes portadores de prótesis parcial removible que fueron atendidos en la clínica odontológica de la Universidad Andrés Bello, año 2014-2015. La muestra corresponde a un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia en aquellos pacientes que consintieron informadamente participar en el estudio y que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, equivalentes a 61 piezas pilares.
Los resultados clínicos, fueron validados por juicio de experto, procesados con el Software IBM SPSS Statistics versión 23 y analizados con técnicas estadísticas descriptiva, exploratoria e inferencial. Se realizó análisis de chi cuadrado para evaluar si existía una asociación significativa entre las variables de interés.
Resultados: Según el tipo de carga protésica utilizada: el 50,8% tenía vía de carga dentaria y mucodentaria un 49,2%.
En relación al diagnóstico periodontal de las 61 piezas evaluadas, el 93,4% presentó un diagnóstico de Gingivitis y el 6,6% Periodontitis.
Con respecto a la carga dentaria, se observó el mayor porcentaje de pérdida de inserción de forma leve con un 56,3% y en la mucodentaria fue mayor la pérdida severa con un 69,2%, la que no presentó una asociación significativa.
Conclusiones: En general todos los signos periodontales no presentaban una asociación significativa entre el tipo de vía de carga protésica y el estado periodontal de las piezas pilares de prótesis parciales removibles. Aun así se sugieren estudios futuros, con un tamaño muestral mayor, para mayor objetividad.
Background: A high percentage of the Chilean population, particularly the elderly group presents edentulousness. In a study by Mizrachi and Lamadrid in 228 older adults, it found that 67.5% used prosthesis, 47.4% whose design was defective and were more likely to generate periodontal disease. Some investigations have evaluated the effect of PPR on gingival and periodontal health show that the abutments contained in design significantly more developed compared with those periodontal disease natural dental pieces that do not act as pillars pieces in the prosthetic design. Justification: This research is based on the need to contribute to the knowledge of the factors influencing the periodontal status, measuring periodontal status abutment teeth in patients with removable partial dentures and their relationship to the means of prosthetic loading, so you can suggest measures of hygiene, and proper prosthetic design of the prosthesis by the patient and the dentist maintenance. Objective: To determine the influence of the track type of prosthetic loading in the periodontal status of removable partial dentures pillars in patients treated at the dental clinic of the University Andres Bello, Concepción, 2016 pieces. Material and Methods: Field study with a quantitative approach whose design is observational: prevalence; retrospective, transversal and analytical, in patients with removable partial dentures that were treated at the dental clinic of the University Andrés Bello, 2014-2015. The sample corresponds to a non-probabilistic for convenience it is constituted by 61 pizas pillars that fulfill inclusión criteria and in those patients who approved the informed consent. Clinical results will be validated by expert judgment, will be processed with the IBM Software SPSS version 23 and analyzed by descriptive, exploratory and inferential statistical techniques. Chi square analysis was performed to evaluate if there was a significant association between the variables of interest. Results: According to the type of prosthetic load used by 100% of the patients, it was observed to be distributed as follows: dental loading with 50.8% and mucodentaria, 49.2%. Regarding the periodontal diagnosis of the 61 pieces evaluated, 93.4% had a diagnosis of Gingivitis and 6.6% Periodontitis within the patients analyzed. With regard to the dental load, the greatest percentage of insertion loss is mild, with 56.3%, and the severe loss with 69.2% is greater in the mucodentaria. Conclusions: In general, all periodontal signs did not present a significant association between the type of prosthetic loading pathway and the periodontal status of removable partial denture piers. Even so, future studies, with a larger sample size, are suggested for greater objectivity.
Background: A high percentage of the Chilean population, particularly the elderly group presents edentulousness. In a study by Mizrachi and Lamadrid in 228 older adults, it found that 67.5% used prosthesis, 47.4% whose design was defective and were more likely to generate periodontal disease. Some investigations have evaluated the effect of PPR on gingival and periodontal health show that the abutments contained in design significantly more developed compared with those periodontal disease natural dental pieces that do not act as pillars pieces in the prosthetic design. Justification: This research is based on the need to contribute to the knowledge of the factors influencing the periodontal status, measuring periodontal status abutment teeth in patients with removable partial dentures and their relationship to the means of prosthetic loading, so you can suggest measures of hygiene, and proper prosthetic design of the prosthesis by the patient and the dentist maintenance. Objective: To determine the influence of the track type of prosthetic loading in the periodontal status of removable partial dentures pillars in patients treated at the dental clinic of the University Andres Bello, Concepción, 2016 pieces. Material and Methods: Field study with a quantitative approach whose design is observational: prevalence; retrospective, transversal and analytical, in patients with removable partial dentures that were treated at the dental clinic of the University Andrés Bello, 2014-2015. The sample corresponds to a non-probabilistic for convenience it is constituted by 61 pizas pillars that fulfill inclusión criteria and in those patients who approved the informed consent. Clinical results will be validated by expert judgment, will be processed with the IBM Software SPSS version 23 and analyzed by descriptive, exploratory and inferential statistical techniques. Chi square analysis was performed to evaluate if there was a significant association between the variables of interest. Results: According to the type of prosthetic load used by 100% of the patients, it was observed to be distributed as follows: dental loading with 50.8% and mucodentaria, 49.2%. Regarding the periodontal diagnosis of the 61 pieces evaluated, 93.4% had a diagnosis of Gingivitis and 6.6% Periodontitis within the patients analyzed. With regard to the dental load, the greatest percentage of insertion loss is mild, with 56.3%, and the severe loss with 69.2% is greater in the mucodentaria. Conclusions: In general, all periodontal signs did not present a significant association between the type of prosthetic loading pathway and the periodontal status of removable partial denture piers. Even so, future studies, with a larger sample size, are suggested for greater objectivity.
Notas
Tesis (Cirujano Dentista)
Palabras clave
Dientes, Cuidado e Higiene, Dentadura Parcial Removible, Adulto Mayor