Adaptación y validación de la prueba Pirámides y Palmeras modificada en la población chilena sana
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2017
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
El lenguaje es un fenómeno único de los humanos, compuesto por un sistema convencional de reglas entre un grupo de personas que comparten un mismo idioma. La semántica es el nivel del lenguaje responsable del estudio del significado de las palabras y nos permite conocer internamente el mundo que nos rodea. Este conocimiento se encuentra ampliamente distribuido en la corteza cerebral y presenta nodos específicos de análisis transmodal en el lóbulo temporal anterior izquierdo (Patterson K. et al, 2007). Daños en estas zonas pueden provocar variados trastornos con afectación del componente semántico. Una batería específica para su evaluación es el test Pirámides y Palmeras (Howard et al, 1992). Test de asociación semántica por confrontación visual. Por la necesidad de su adaptación a la cultura de Chile a tesistas de la universidad Andrés bello les surgió la necesidad de adaptar esta prueba.
En esta investigación se retoma con el objetivo de adaptar y validar el test pirámides y palmeras adaptado a la población chilena, el cual presenta dos partes, una pictórica y otra con estímulos escritos. Se aplicó el test a 40 personas y se analizó los resultados en base a tres variables: rango etario, género y escolaridad. La mayoría de los participantes erró en por lo menos un estímulo de la parte pictórica, al presentarle los mismos estímulos de forma escrita señalaron que la imagen no era representativa. En parte de palabra escrita también surgieron términos que no son propios de la población, pero no causaron dudas al momento de la respuesta. Los estímulos controversiales se modificaron y se solicitó la opinión a expertos respecto a la adaptación revisada para aportar a su futura validación.
Language is a unique phenomenon, only for humans. It is composed of a conventional system of rules among a group of people who share the same language. Semantics is the level of language responsible for the study of the meaning of words and allows us to know internally the world around us. This knowledge is widely distributed in the cerebral cortex and presents specific nodes of transmodal analysis in the left anterior temporal lobe (Patterson K. et al, 2007). Damages in this area can cause differrent disorders with influence on the semantic component. A specific battery for evaluation is the “Pyramids and Palms Test” (Howard et al, 1992). Semantic association test by visual confrontations. Due to the need of their adaptation to the culture of Chile, Researchers of Andrés Bello University had the need to adapt this test. This research was done with the objective of adapting and validating the “Pyramids and Palms Test” adapted to the Chilean population, which has two parts: One pictorial and the other one with written stimuli. The test was applied to 40 people and the results were analyzed based on three variants: age range, gender and studies. Most of the participants failed at least one of the items from the pictorial part. When they answered the same item in the written form they indicated that the image before was not representative. In the “written word” part also emerged that some terms were not specific for the culture but these did not cause doubts at time of the answers. According to contribute on this future validation, the controversial stimuli were modified and the opinion of the revised adaptation was requested from experts.
Language is a unique phenomenon, only for humans. It is composed of a conventional system of rules among a group of people who share the same language. Semantics is the level of language responsible for the study of the meaning of words and allows us to know internally the world around us. This knowledge is widely distributed in the cerebral cortex and presents specific nodes of transmodal analysis in the left anterior temporal lobe (Patterson K. et al, 2007). Damages in this area can cause differrent disorders with influence on the semantic component. A specific battery for evaluation is the “Pyramids and Palms Test” (Howard et al, 1992). Semantic association test by visual confrontations. Due to the need of their adaptation to the culture of Chile, Researchers of Andrés Bello University had the need to adapt this test. This research was done with the objective of adapting and validating the “Pyramids and Palms Test” adapted to the Chilean population, which has two parts: One pictorial and the other one with written stimuli. The test was applied to 40 people and the results were analyzed based on three variants: age range, gender and studies. Most of the participants failed at least one of the items from the pictorial part. When they answered the same item in the written form they indicated that the image before was not representative. In the “written word” part also emerged that some terms were not specific for the culture but these did not cause doubts at time of the answers. According to contribute on this future validation, the controversial stimuli were modified and the opinion of the revised adaptation was requested from experts.
Notas
Tesis (Fonoaudiólogo)
Palabras clave
Semántica, Pruebas, Lenguaje, Evaluación, Asociación semántica, Lóbulo temporal anterior izquierdo, Test Pirámides y Palmeras