Eficiencia energética en la vivienda social
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Fecha
2016
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Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La finalidad de esta investigación, es mejorar la eficiencia energética de las viviendas sociales en Santiago. Además, de disminuir los índices de CO2, que contaminan el planeta. Se estima que las principales fuentes, de las energías no renovables (gas, petróleo) se agoten dentro de los próximos 60 años. Por ello nuestro país debe estar preparado y lo más razonable, es partir por las viviendas nuevas del sector más vulnerable de nuestro país.
El estudio consiste en proponer la incorporación de elementos, para que las viviendas sociales tengan una mejor eficiencia energética. Se pretende aprovechar una energía gratuita como la del sol, incorporando paneles fotovoltaicos y termosolares, en la techumbre de la vivienda; mejorar la distribución de los recintos comunes (living-comedor, dormitorios) en la vivienda, para aprovechar la luz natural y mejorar su aislación térmica en la envolvente de la vivienda, respecto a lo exigido en la reglamentación térmica. Todo ello nos arrojará un costo adicional, en la construcción de la vivienda social, el cual se comparará (costo- beneficio) con el ahorro, en el costo de vida de las familias más vulnerables.
Con el resultado obtenido se puede determinar, que las nuevas viviendas sociales tendrán un aumento de entre un 69% a un 73%, respecto al costo habitual de una vivienda de este tipo. Sin embargo, por las características y requisitos que cumple la vivienda, el estado puede pagar prácticamente el total de este monto, quedando una pequeña diferencia, que podrían pagar las personas que postulen a este subsidio. Con un ahorro mínimo como requisito para postular a éste. Por otra parte, está el beneficio, que esta iniciativa les entregará a familias de escasos recursos y futuros dueñas de estas viviendas. Según los resultados, las familias se estarán ahorrando la suma de $309.342 anuales, lo que no es un monto menor para hogares que subsisten con el sueldo mínimo.
The aim of this research is to improve the energy efficiency of social housing in Santiago. In addition, to reduce the CO2 levels, which pollute the planet. It is estimated that the main sources of non-renewable energy (gas, oil) will be depleted within the next 60 years. For this reason, our country must be prepared and the most reasonable, is to leave for the new homes of the most vulnerable sector of our country. The study consists of proposing the incorporation of elements, so that social housing has a better energy efficiency. It is intended to take advantage of a free energy like the sun, incorporating photovoltaic and solar panels, in the roof of the house; To improve the distribution of the common rooms (living-room, bedrooms) in the dwelling, to take advantage of the natural light and to improve its thermal insulation in the envelope of the dwelling, compared to what is required in the thermal regulation. All of this will give us an additional cost, in the construction of social housing, which will be compared (cost-benefit) with saving, in the cost of living of the most vulnerable families. With the result obtained it can be determined that the new social housing will have an increase of 69% to 73%, compared to the usual cost of housing of this type. However, due to the characteristics and requirements of the housing, the state can pay almost the total of this amount, leaving a small difference, which could be paid by the people who apply for this subsidy. With minimum savings as a requirement to apply for this one. On the other hand, there is the benefit, which this initiative will give to families of scarce resources and future owners of these homes. According to the results, the families will be saving the sum of $ 309,342 per year, which is not a smaller amount for households that subsist on the minimum wage.
The aim of this research is to improve the energy efficiency of social housing in Santiago. In addition, to reduce the CO2 levels, which pollute the planet. It is estimated that the main sources of non-renewable energy (gas, oil) will be depleted within the next 60 years. For this reason, our country must be prepared and the most reasonable, is to leave for the new homes of the most vulnerable sector of our country. The study consists of proposing the incorporation of elements, so that social housing has a better energy efficiency. It is intended to take advantage of a free energy like the sun, incorporating photovoltaic and solar panels, in the roof of the house; To improve the distribution of the common rooms (living-room, bedrooms) in the dwelling, to take advantage of the natural light and to improve its thermal insulation in the envelope of the dwelling, compared to what is required in the thermal regulation. All of this will give us an additional cost, in the construction of social housing, which will be compared (cost-benefit) with saving, in the cost of living of the most vulnerable families. With the result obtained it can be determined that the new social housing will have an increase of 69% to 73%, compared to the usual cost of housing of this type. However, due to the characteristics and requirements of the housing, the state can pay almost the total of this amount, leaving a small difference, which could be paid by the people who apply for this subsidy. With minimum savings as a requirement to apply for this one. On the other hand, there is the benefit, which this initiative will give to families of scarce resources and future owners of these homes. According to the results, the families will be saving the sum of $ 309,342 per year, which is not a smaller amount for households that subsist on the minimum wage.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero Constructor)
Palabras clave
Viviendas sociales, Conservación de la Energía, Chile, Región metropolitana