Propuesta para cambio de caldera en complejo aeronaval Concón, en base a estudio técnico-económico
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2020
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Resumen
Este trabajo fue realizado con el fin de proveer una alternativa para el
cambio de caldera acuotubular, en base a un estudio de factibilidad técnica y
económica en las alternativas que ofrece el mercado actual, el trabajo se
desarrolla en las instalaciones del Complejo Aeronaval Concón, perteneciente a
la Armada de Chile, que se ubica en Camino Internacional s/n, Concón, Chile.
El problema que se presenta en el complejo tiene relación con la
caldera que es utilizada para el suministro de agua sobrecalentada a las
instalaciones sanitarias y servicios de alimentación del personal, este equipo se
encuentra con su vida útil cumplida, ya que posee 40 años de operación y el
fabricante otorga 25 años de vida útil con las condiciones de operación y
mantenimiento adecuadas, actualmente presenta disminución en los parámetros
de confiabilidad y disponibilidad, además de fallas aumento en las fallas
imprevistas.
Se realizó un levantamiento de información en el con el objetivo de
evaluar el estado actual de la caldera que opera y proyectar las demandas futuras
que debe poseer el equipo que se evaluó como alternativa, así como también la
tecnología que debe poseer, en base a esta información se determinó que el
suministro de agua sobrecalentada debe ser de 25 lts/min de generación
instantánea a una temperatura de 70ºc, con este flujo se garantiza el suministro
instantáneo a requerimiento máximo.
En base a dicha estimación se evaluaron las alternativas
proporcionadas por diferentes proveedores, las variables principales
consideradas fueron la inversión inicial del proyecto, consumo de combustible,
costos de operación y la eficiencia del equipo, estas variables se compararon entre las alternativas y se observó la que ofrece mejores parámetros para
satisfacer las demandas proyectadas y los requerimientos solicitados por la
administración del Complejo.
La evaluación económica, se basó en la comparativa de los costos de
operación actuales con los proyectados por las alternativas evaluadas, el costo
de operación mensual actual corresponde a $ 3.692.907 y el de las alternativas
es de $ 2.623.310 para la caldera Therm 8000s, $ 3.429.855 para la Ursus premix
30 y de $ 3.799.224 para la caldera Luna duo tec mp+, estos costos representan
un ahorro mensual de 28,96%, 7,12% y -2,88% respectivamente, por lo cual en
las alternativas que presentaron ahorro positivo se realizó una estimación de
indicadores financieros para un periodo de 10 años, donde la caldera Therm
8000s presentó los mejores indicadores ya que posee el mayor VAN $
60.898.428, una TIR de 48% ( con una tasa de descuento del 7%), el payback de
27,74 meses, siendo el más bajo y un RBC mayor de 3,9. Además se proyectó el
costo de gas natural para el año 2030 y se estimó el precio de m3 del gas donde
el VAN se hace $ 0, con el objetivo de identificar la tolerancia del proyecto a
variaciones en el precio del gas natural, el precio de gas proyectado al año 2030
es de $ 979,84 ( precio bajo ) y 1016,78 ( precio alto ), y el precio donde el VAN
es $ 0 es de $ 1.124, dichos indicadores concluyen que la alternativa Therm
8000s es una alternativa factible tanto técnica como económica para ser
considerada como alternativa de cambio por la administración del Complejo.
This work was carried out in order to provide an alternative for the change of acuotubular boiler, based on a study of technical and economic feasibility in the alternatives offered by the current market, the work is carried out in the facilities of the Concon Aeronaval Complex, belonging to the Chilean Navy, and is located in Camino Internacional s / n, Concón, Chile. The problem that arises in the complex is related to the boiler that is used for the supply of superheated water to the sanitary facilities and power supply of the personnel, this equipment is with its useful life fulfilled, since it has 40 years of operation and the manufacturer grants 25 years with the appropriate operating and maintenance conditions, currently presents a decrease in the parameters of reliability and availability, in addition to unforeseen failures. An information survey was carried out in the Complex with the objective of evaluating the current state of the boiler that operates and projecting the future demands that the equipment that was evaluated as an alternative must possess, as well as the technology that it must possess, based on This information determined that the superheated water supply must be 25 l/min of instant generation at a temperature of 70ºc, with this flow the instantaneous supply at maximum requirement is guaranteed. Based on this estimate, the alternatives provided by different suppliers were evaluated, the main variables considered were the initial investment, fuel consumption, operating costs and equipment efficiency, these variables were compared among the alternatives and the one that offered the best parameters to meet the projected demands and the requirements requested by the administration of the Complex. The economic evaluation was based on the comparison of the current operating costs with those projected by the evaluated alternatives, the current monthly operating cost corresponds to $ 3,692,907 and that of the alternatives is $ 2,623,310 for the Therm boiler 8000s, $ 3,429,855 for the Ursus premix 30 and $ 3,799,224 for the Luna duo tec mp + boiler, these costs represent a monthly saving of 28.96%, 7.12% and -2.88% respectively, for In the alternatives that presented positive savings, an estimate of financial indicators was made for a period of 10 years, where the Therm 8000s boiler presented the best indicators since it has the highest NPV $ 60,898,428, an IRR of 48% (with a discount rate of 7%), the payback of 27.74 months, being the lowest and an RBC greater than 3.9. In addition, the cost of natural gas was projected for the year 2030 and the price of m3 of gas was estimated where the NPV is made $ 0, the projected gas price to the year 2030 is $ 979.84 (low price) and 1016, 78 (high price), and the price where the NPV is $ 0 is $ 1,124, These indicators conclude that the Therm 8000s alternative is a feasible alternative, both technical and economical, to be considered as an exchange alternative for the administration of the Complex
This work was carried out in order to provide an alternative for the change of acuotubular boiler, based on a study of technical and economic feasibility in the alternatives offered by the current market, the work is carried out in the facilities of the Concon Aeronaval Complex, belonging to the Chilean Navy, and is located in Camino Internacional s / n, Concón, Chile. The problem that arises in the complex is related to the boiler that is used for the supply of superheated water to the sanitary facilities and power supply of the personnel, this equipment is with its useful life fulfilled, since it has 40 years of operation and the manufacturer grants 25 years with the appropriate operating and maintenance conditions, currently presents a decrease in the parameters of reliability and availability, in addition to unforeseen failures. An information survey was carried out in the Complex with the objective of evaluating the current state of the boiler that operates and projecting the future demands that the equipment that was evaluated as an alternative must possess, as well as the technology that it must possess, based on This information determined that the superheated water supply must be 25 l/min of instant generation at a temperature of 70ºc, with this flow the instantaneous supply at maximum requirement is guaranteed. Based on this estimate, the alternatives provided by different suppliers were evaluated, the main variables considered were the initial investment, fuel consumption, operating costs and equipment efficiency, these variables were compared among the alternatives and the one that offered the best parameters to meet the projected demands and the requirements requested by the administration of the Complex. The economic evaluation was based on the comparison of the current operating costs with those projected by the evaluated alternatives, the current monthly operating cost corresponds to $ 3,692,907 and that of the alternatives is $ 2,623,310 for the Therm boiler 8000s, $ 3,429,855 for the Ursus premix 30 and $ 3,799,224 for the Luna duo tec mp + boiler, these costs represent a monthly saving of 28.96%, 7.12% and -2.88% respectively, for In the alternatives that presented positive savings, an estimate of financial indicators was made for a period of 10 years, where the Therm 8000s boiler presented the best indicators since it has the highest NPV $ 60,898,428, an IRR of 48% (with a discount rate of 7%), the payback of 27.74 months, being the lowest and an RBC greater than 3.9. In addition, the cost of natural gas was projected for the year 2030 and the price of m3 of gas was estimated where the NPV is made $ 0, the projected gas price to the year 2030 is $ 979.84 (low price) and 1016, 78 (high price), and the price where the NPV is $ 0 is $ 1,124, These indicators conclude that the Therm 8000s alternative is a feasible alternative, both technical and economical, to be considered as an exchange alternative for the administration of the Complex
Notas
Memoria (Ingeniero Civil Industrial)
Palabras clave
Cambio de caldera acuotubular, Factibilidad técnica y económica, Complejo Aeronaval, Concón (Chile), Mantenimiento y Reparación, Chile