Parámetros utilizados para el control preventivo de implantes dentales : revisión exploratoria
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Fecha
2022
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Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
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Resumen
Objetivo: El objetivo de esta revisión es comparar los parámetros utilizados
parael control preventivo de implantes dentales. Método: Esta revisión fue
escrita y realizada de acuerdo con las pautas PRISMA (Preferred Reporting
Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses). Según nuestros criterios de
inclusión y exclusión se registraron 30 artículos, de acuerdo con los filtros y
revisión exhaustiva, se seleccionaron 24 artículos que tienen mayor relación
con la investigación. Resultados: Se identificaron un total de 50 estudios, 26
fueron excluidos por no tener relación con el tema de investigación. De 24
estudios incluidos en la investigación ,20 indican parámetros de control
específicos. Según la Guía de Periodoncia (2020) se determinan los
parámetros mayormente evaluados en los implantes; pérdida ósea, profundidad
al sondaje, movilidad, sangrado y/o supuración al sondaje. En promedio al
menos 3 de estos parámetros se encuentran presenten en todos los estudios
incluidos; principalmente la Profundidad al sondaje, sangrado y supuración. De
los 24 estudios, 5 presentan en su publicación criterios de éxito propuestos por
autores como: Roos y cols, Albrektsson, Schitman, Schulman, Lekholm y Zarb.
13 estudios describen un protocolo o examen clínico detallado de qué procedimientos y acciones realizar cuando un implante se encuentra
comprometido con lesiones periimplantarias o que acciones realizar para
mantenerlos en condiciones saludables. Conclusiones: Prevenir y manejar las
enfermedades periimplantarias no solo requiere remover placa bacteriana de la
superficie de los implantes, además debe ir acompañada de la mejora en los
hábitos de higiene del paciente, eliminar factores de riesgo y acudir a controles
periódicos, la instalación de los implantes no debe limitarse, el profesional tiene
que indicarle al paciente la necesidad de realizarse una terapia de
mantenimiento periimplantario anual con el objetivo de controlar, prevenir y/o
evitar el progreso de las enfermedades periimplantarias y así aumentar la
probabilidad de éxito en el tratamiento a largo plazo. La evidencia avala el
sondeo periódico para monitorear las condiciones del implante, ya que se ha
demostrado que parámetros como la profundidad del sondaje, el sagrado y la
supuración están asociados con el desarrollo de periimplantitis, Además se
indica que al estar en presencia de estos parámetros es recomendado usar la
evaluación radiográfica ya que nos ayudará a establecer un diagnóstico
definitivo.
Objective: The objective of this review is to compare the parameters used for the preventive control of dental implants. Method: This review was written and conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines. According to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 articles were registered, according to the filters and exhaustive review, 24 articles that have a greater relationship with the investigation were selected. Results: A total of 50 studies were identified, 26 were excluded because they were not related to the research topic. Of 24 studies included in the investigation, 20 indicate specific control parameters. According to the Periodontics Guide (2020), the parameters most evaluated in implants are determined; bone loss, depth on probing, mobility, bleeding and/or suppuration on probing. On average, at least 3 of these parameters are present in all the included studies; mainly the depth to probing, bleeding and suppuration. Of the 24 studies, 5 present in their publication success criteria proposed by authors such as: Roos et al, Albrektsson, Schitman, Schulman, Lekholm and Zarb. 13 studies describe a protocol or detailed clinical examination of what procedures and actions to take when an implant is compromised with peri-implant lesions or what actions to take to keep them in healthy conditions. Conclusions: Preventing and managing peri-implant diseases not only requires removing bacterial plaque from the surface of the implants, it must also be accompanied by improving the patient's hygiene habits, eliminating risk factors and going to regular check-ups, the installation of implants should not be limited, the professional must indicate to the patient the need to perform annual peri-implant maintenance therapy in order to control, prevent and/or avoid the progress of peri-implant diseases and thus increase the probability of success in the treatment. long term. The evidence supports periodic probing to monitor the conditions of the implant, since it has been shown that parameters such as probing depth, sacral and suppuration are associated with the development of peri-implantitis. It is also indicated that being in the presence of these parameters It is recommended to use radiographic evaluation as it will help us to establish a definitive diagnosis.
Objective: The objective of this review is to compare the parameters used for the preventive control of dental implants. Method: This review was written and conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines. According to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 articles were registered, according to the filters and exhaustive review, 24 articles that have a greater relationship with the investigation were selected. Results: A total of 50 studies were identified, 26 were excluded because they were not related to the research topic. Of 24 studies included in the investigation, 20 indicate specific control parameters. According to the Periodontics Guide (2020), the parameters most evaluated in implants are determined; bone loss, depth on probing, mobility, bleeding and/or suppuration on probing. On average, at least 3 of these parameters are present in all the included studies; mainly the depth to probing, bleeding and suppuration. Of the 24 studies, 5 present in their publication success criteria proposed by authors such as: Roos et al, Albrektsson, Schitman, Schulman, Lekholm and Zarb. 13 studies describe a protocol or detailed clinical examination of what procedures and actions to take when an implant is compromised with peri-implant lesions or what actions to take to keep them in healthy conditions. Conclusions: Preventing and managing peri-implant diseases not only requires removing bacterial plaque from the surface of the implants, it must also be accompanied by improving the patient's hygiene habits, eliminating risk factors and going to regular check-ups, the installation of implants should not be limited, the professional must indicate to the patient the need to perform annual peri-implant maintenance therapy in order to control, prevent and/or avoid the progress of peri-implant diseases and thus increase the probability of success in the treatment. long term. The evidence supports periodic probing to monitor the conditions of the implant, since it has been shown that parameters such as probing depth, sacral and suppuration are associated with the development of peri-implantitis. It is also indicated that being in the presence of these parameters It is recommended to use radiographic evaluation as it will help us to establish a definitive diagnosis.
Notas
Tesis (Cirujano Dentista)
Palabras clave
Implantes Dentales, Prevención