Interpretación morfológica de los montes submarinos del codo de las dorsales Pascua y Nazca y de la dorsal Juan Fernández, Chile
Cargando...
Archivos
Fecha
2018
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Los montes submarinos son estructuras de origen volcánico y están ubicadas en las grandes cuencas oceánicas. Estas estructuras son importantes para el desarrollo de actividades económicas como la minería y pesca, además albergan una gran diversidad de ecosistemas submarinos, por lo que es necesario el control y protección de estas áreas. Por esta razón, entre los años 2016 y 2017 los montes submarinos ubicados en el codo que une a la dorsal Pascua con la dorsal Nazca y los ubicados en la dorsal Juan Fernández, fueron nombrado parques marinos para el manejo y conservación de estas regiones. El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer en detalle la morfología de los montes submarinos de estos dos lugares para identificar e interpretar las geoformas asociados al edificio volcánico y así poder identificar los procesos asociados al modelado final de estas estructuras. El reconocimiento de las morfologías se llevó a cabo integrando mapas batimétricos de alta resolución y de mosaicos de “backscatter”. Los datos de batimetría multihaz fueron obtenidos por el crucero Cimar 22, islas oceánicas de Chile (2016). En ambas áreas se reconocieron estructuras originadas por procesos sedimentarios tales como: canales sedimentarios; depósitos en forma de abanico; deslizamientos submarinos; depósitos de ladera y zonas de escarpes. Sin embargo, las morfologías originadas por procesos volcánicos posteriores a la formación de los montes submarinos como: conos satélites con y sin presencia de cráteres; flujos de lavas y afloramientos rocosos son más abundantes y poseen un registro más evidente en los montes submarinos pertenecientes al área de Juan Fernández, lo que podrían estar relacionado a una génesis más reciente.
Seamounts are volcanic structures located on the large ocean basins. These structures are important for the development of economic activities, such as mining and fishing, and content a great diversity of underwater ecosystems. Thus, the control and protection of these areas is imperative. Between 2016 and 2017, the seamounts located in the elbow of Pascua and Nazca Ridges, and those located on the Juan Fernández Ridge, were named marine parks for the sake of management and conservation. The objective of this thesis is to know in detail the morphology of these seamounts in order to identify and interpret the morphologies associated with the volcanic edifices, and thus, to be able to identify the processes associated with the final modeling of these structures. To identify the submarine landforms, high resolution bathymetric maps were integrated with backscatter mosaics. Multibeam bathymetry data were obtained during CIMAR 22 cruise to the oceanic islands of Chile (2016). In both areas, structures created by sedimentary processes, such as, sedimentary channels, fan-shaped deposits, underwater landslides, slope deposit and escarpments were found. However, the submarine landforms created by volcanic processes, subsequent to the formation of seamounts, such as: satellite cones with and without the presence of craters, lavas flows, and rocky outcrops were more abundant and evident in the seamounts of the Juan Fernández area, which could be related to a more recent genesis.
Seamounts are volcanic structures located on the large ocean basins. These structures are important for the development of economic activities, such as mining and fishing, and content a great diversity of underwater ecosystems. Thus, the control and protection of these areas is imperative. Between 2016 and 2017, the seamounts located in the elbow of Pascua and Nazca Ridges, and those located on the Juan Fernández Ridge, were named marine parks for the sake of management and conservation. The objective of this thesis is to know in detail the morphology of these seamounts in order to identify and interpret the morphologies associated with the volcanic edifices, and thus, to be able to identify the processes associated with the final modeling of these structures. To identify the submarine landforms, high resolution bathymetric maps were integrated with backscatter mosaics. Multibeam bathymetry data were obtained during CIMAR 22 cruise to the oceanic islands of Chile (2016). In both areas, structures created by sedimentary processes, such as, sedimentary channels, fan-shaped deposits, underwater landslides, slope deposit and escarpments were found. However, the submarine landforms created by volcanic processes, subsequent to the formation of seamounts, such as: satellite cones with and without the presence of craters, lavas flows, and rocky outcrops were more abundant and evident in the seamounts of the Juan Fernández area, which could be related to a more recent genesis.
Notas
Tesis (Geología)
Palabras clave
Rocas, Recursos Naturales (Aspectos Económicos), Cuencas Hidrográficas, Chile