Examinando por Autor "Jerez Mayorga, Daniel"
Mostrando 1 - 7 de 7
Resultados por página
Opciones de ordenación
Ítem Association between the sociodemographic characteristics of parents with health‐related and lifestyle markers of children in three different spanish‐speaking countries: An inter‐continental study at oecd country level(MDPI, 2021-07) Álvarez, Cristian; Guzmán Guzmán, Iris Paola; Latorre Román, Pedro Ángel; Párraga Montilla, Juan; Palomino Devia, Constanza; Reyes Oyola, Felipe Augusto; Paredes Arévalo, Lorena; Leal Oyarzún, Marlys; Obando Calderón, Isabel; Cresp barria, Mauricio; Machuca Barria, Claudia; Peña Troncoso, Sebastián; Jerez Mayorga, Daniel; Delgado Floody, PedroThe purpose of this cross‐cultural study was to determine the association between the sociodemographic background of a child’s parents (i.e., their socioeconomic level, marital status, and educational level) with the child’s lifestyle (i.e., Mediterranean diet (MD), physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST)), and health markers. Material: This cross‐sectional study included 1273 children, from Chile (n = 496), Colombia (n = 340), and Spain (n = 437). The sociodemographic information together with the lifestyle and health markers of the children were measured. There was an inverse association between a low or medium‐low socioeconomic level for the parents of Chilean children and handgrip strength (β −0.61, p < 0.001); meanwhile, for Spanish children, an inverse association between a low or medium‐low socioeconomic level and PA after school (β −0.58, p = 0.016), lifestyle (β −0.74, p = 0.015), and with MD adherence (β −0.86, p = 0.004) was found. The risk (i.e., by odd ratios (OR)) of being divorced/separated parents marital status showed an inverse association with abdominal obesity (OR 0.21, p = 0.045) in Spanish children; however, the parent’s marital status and a low educational level were risk factors for the suffering of a low nutritional level in Colombian children (OR 2.02, p = 0.048; OR 2.49, p < 0.001, respectively). On the other hand, a low educational level for parents reported for Chilean children had a positive association with ST of ≥4 h per day (OR 1.82, p = 0.020). In conclusion, in Spanish‐speaking children, the lifestyle and health markers of the children are affected by the sociodemographic background of their parents; however, these effects could be moderated by the socio‐cultural and economic status of their countries as members of the OCDE; therefore, it is essential to develop policies that decrease these gaps, so that children who are under‐resourced can reach their full potential. © 2021 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Ítem Dissatisfaction with body image and its relation to nutritional status, cardiometabolic risk and cardiorespiratory capacity in public school children(Grupo Aula Medica S.A., 2017) Delgado Floody, Pedro; Martínez Salazar, Cristian; Caamaño Navarrete, Felipe; Jerez Mayorga, Daniel; Osorio Poblete, Aldo; García Pinillos, Felipe; Latorre Román, PedroIntroduction: The increase in abdominal fat and excess weight are related to dissatisfaction with body image, which nowadays is highly prevalent nationally and internationally. Aim: The purpose of the study was to relate dissatisfaction levels to body image, nutritional status, cardiometabolic risk and cardiorespiratory capacity in pre-adolescent students. Material and methods: Three hundred and thirty-nine students participated in the study, 165 girls (11.29 ± 0.69 years) and 174 boys (11.22 ± 0.72 years). Anthropometric data were collected: BMI, percentage of body fat (%BF), waist circumference (WC), height-to-weight ratio (HWR), VO2max and body image. Results: In the comparison by sex, we found higher VO2max values in boys (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found for the variables BMI, WC, HWR, blood pressure and body image (p > 0.05); 27.7% of the study sample were overweight and 29.2% were obese. The subjects with obesity had the lowest VO2max levels. Dissatisfaction with body image was found to be associated with nutritional status (p < 0.001). In addition, 8.1% of the obese students presented extreme dissatisfaction with their body image and 19.4% of the children with cardiometabolic risk exhibited some type of dissatisfaction; the two variables were related (p = 0.008). Conclusions: The study provides evidence that children with malnutrition by excess present disorders associated with body dissatisfaction and other health indicators that limit integral growth in pre-adolescence. © 2017, Grupo Aula Medica S.A. All rights reserved.Ítem Efectividad del ejercicio excéntrico en el incremento de la calidad de muscular en adultos mayores : revisión sistemática(Universidad Andrés Bello, 2019) Brito Rojas, Valentina Belén; Cáceres Acuña, Pilar Agustina; González Mateluna, María Paz; Poblete Santibáñez, María Teresa; Jerez Mayorga, Daniel; Facultad de Ciencias de la RehabilitaciónIntroducción: La calidad muscular es un componente de la condición física del ser humano que va a sufrir cambios progresivos a lo largo de la vida. En el adulto mayor, el impacto de éste cambio resulta ser mucho más relevante que en otro rango etario, ya que los factores de riesgo aumentan, como el sedentarismo, las comorbilidades y la sarcopenia; por lo que la disminución de la calidad muscular, intensifica las disfunciones físicas, propias de la edad y aumenta la mortalidad. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad del ejercicio excéntrico en el aumento de la calidad muscular en el adulto mayor. Metodología: Se revisaron 4 bases de datos: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Sciences y CINAHL desde Julio a Septiembre del 2018, incluyendo sólo ensayos clínicos randomizados que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión.Los términos de búsqueda correspondieron a: “sarcopenia”, “elderly”, “muscle quality”,”concurrent training”, “strength training”, “eccentric training”, “concentric training”, “dynapenia”, “sedentary” y todas sus posibles combinaciones. La revisión sistemática fue realizada utilizando la declaración prisma, los ensayos clínicos randomizados fueron evaluados a través de la escala metodológica PEDRO, seleccionando los estudios con puntaje mayor a 6.Ítem Efectos del ejercicio isométrico en la arquitectura muscular en adultos : una revisión sistemática(Universidad Andrés Bello, 2022) Soto, Cristofer; Carreño, Diego; Estai, Matías; Quinteros, Sebastián; Gutiérrez Barbieri, Vicente; Jerez Mayorga, Daniel; Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación; Escuela de KinesiologíaIntroducción: Los ejercicios isométricos son aquellos en el cual se realiza una contracción sostenida contra una carga o resistencia inmóvil con un cambio mínimo o nulo en longitud del grupo muscular, este tipo de contracción podría generar cambios en la arquitectura muscular como por ejemplo en la longitud del fascículo, ángulo de peneación, grosor muscular y área de sección transversal. Objetivos: I) Evaluar la calidad de la evidencia de los estudios que determinan los efectos del ejercicio isométrico en la arquitectura muscular, (II) determinar los efectos del ejercicio isométrico en la arquitectura muscular en adultos. Método: La revisión sistemática seguirá las recomendaciones de la declaración PRISMA. Se revisarán cuatro bases de datos: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y SportDiscus. Serán incluidos estudios experimentales que cumplan con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los términos de búsqueda corresponderán a: "Resistance Training" OR "Strength Training" OR “Muscle Strength" OR "Strength" OR "Isometric Contraction" OR "Isometric" OR "Isometric Exercise"; "Muscle Architecture" OR "Pennation Angle" OR “Fibre Length” OR “Fiber Length” OR “Fascicle”. Los estudios serán evaluados a través de la escala PEDro. Resultados: Los principales hallazgos fueron (I) Los estudios seleccionados tuvieron una calidad metodológica moderada y buena, (II) La fiabilidad de los entrenamientos isométricos para los cambios en la arquitectura muscular presentaron cambios significativos en cada uno de los componentes musculares, ya sea, ángulo de peneación, longitud del fascículo y área de sección transversal, (III) El único componente dónde no se vieron cambios significativos fue en el grosor muscular. Conclusiones: Se demostró que los entrenamientos isométricos generan cambios significativos en tres de los cuatro componentes musculares de la arquitectura muscular, ya sea, ángulo de peneación, longitud del fascículo y área de sección transversal, donde el único componente en el que no se vio algún cambio relevante fue en el grosor muscularÍtem Is there any relationship between functional movement and weight status? A study in Spanish school-age children(ARAN Ediciones S.A., 2018-07) García-Pinillos, Felipe; Roche-Seruendo, Luis E.; Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Jerez Mayorga, Daniel; Latorre-Román, Pedro Á.Background: to examine relations between functional movement patterns and weight status in Spanish primary school children and to determine the differences between sexes. Methods: three hundred and thirty-three, 6-13 years old children (164 boys and 169 girls), participated in this study. The main outcome measures were the body mass index (BMI) and the Functional Movement Screen™ (FMS). Children were classified as normal weight (NW), overweight (OV) or obese (OB) according to international cut-offs. Results: total FMS score was negatively correlated with BMI (p < 0.001). FMS score was different between children from NW, OV and OB groups (p = 0.001), lower with the increased BMI (p < 0.001 between all groups). Significant differences (p < 0.05) between NW, OV and OB were found in deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, shoulder mobility, straight leg-raise and push-up tests. As for the sex differences, girls obtained higher scores (p < 0.05) in in-line lunge, shoulder mobility and straight leg-raise, whereas boys did it in push-up (p = 0.044) test. Conclusions: these results confirm that total FMS score significantly and inversely correlates with BMI in a group of 333 school-age children. As for the sex differences, girls outperform boys in movements requiring flexibility and balance, whilst boys outperform girls in tests where muscular strength is required. © 2018 SENPE and Arán Ediciones S.L.Ítem Muscle Quality and Functional and Conventional Ratios of Trunk Strength in Young Healthy Subjects: A Pilot Study(MDPI, 2022-10) Reyes Ferrada, Waleska; Rodríguez Perea, Ángela; Chirosa Ríos, Luis; Martínez García, Darío; Jerez Mayorga, DanielBackground: The trunk strength conventional ratio (CR) has been evaluated. However, the functional ratio and the ratio of strength to body weight (BW) or muscle mass (MM) have been poorly explored. Relative strength is a measure of muscle quality. Objectives: To analyze the trunk strength ratio normalized by BW and MM and compare the trunk’s conventional and functional ratios collected in isokinetic and isometric conditions. Methods: Twenty-seven healthy males (21.48 ± 2.08 years, 70.22 ± 7.65 kg) were evaluated for trunk isometric and isokinetic strength using a functional electromechanical dynamometer. Results: The extensor’s strength was greater than the flexors, with a CR of 0.41 ± 0.10 to 0.44 ± 0.10. Muscle quality was higher in eccentric contraction and high velocity for flexors and extensors. The functional flexor ratio (FFR) ranged between 0.41 ± 0.09 and 0.92 ± 0.27. The functional extensor ratio (FER) ranged between 2.53 ± 0.65 and 4.92 ± 1.26. The FFR and FER showed significant differences between velocities when considering the peak strength (p = 0.001) and mean strength (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Trunk extensors were stronger than the flexors; thus, the CR was less than one. Muscle quality was higher at a high velocity. Unlike CR, FFR and FER behaved differently at distinct velocities. This finding highlights the need to explore the behavior of the functional ratio in different populations. © 2022 by the authors.Ítem The Effects of Two Different Concurrent Training Configurations on Markers of Metabolic Syndrome and Fitness in Women With Severe/Morbid Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial(Frontiers Media S.A., 2021-09) Delgado Floody, Pedro; Soriano Maldonado, Alberto; Rodríguez Pérez, Manuel A; Latorre Román, Pedro Ángel; Martínez Salazar, Cristian; Vargas, Claudia Andrea; Caamaño Navarrete, Felipe; Jerez Mayorga, Daniel; Álvarez, CristianConcurrent training (CT), characterised by combining both aerobic and resistance training modalities within the same session, is recognised to improve metabolic syndrome (MetS) markers, but little is known about the effects of different configurations (i.e., order) of these exercise modalities on MetS markers and the interindividual responses. The purpose of the present study was to describe the effects, and the interindividual variability, of 20weeks of two CT configurations (i.e., high intensity interval training (HIIT) plus resistance training (RT), compared with RT plus HIIT) in women with severe/morbid obesity. Overall, 26 women with severe/morbid obesity were assigned either to HIIT+RT [n=14, mean and 95%CI, 45.79 (40.74; 50.83) or RT+HIIT (n=12), 33.6 (25.30; 41.79) years]. MetS-related outcomes were waist circumference (WC, cm), systolic (SBP, mmHg) and diastolic (DBP, mmHg) blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides (Tg), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Secondary outcomes were other anthropometrics, body composition, lipids, muscle strength, and the six-minute walk test (6Mwt). There were significant differences in the prevalence of nonresponders (NRs) only for WC comparing HIIT+RT 2 (18.1%) vs. RT+HIIT group 5 (50.0%), p[removed]0.05. Additionally, the RT+HIIT group showed significant reductions in WC (∆ –3.84cm, p=0.015), SBP (∆ –8.46mmHg, p=0.040), whereas the HIIT+RT group elicited significant reductions only in SBP (∆ –8.43mmHg, p=0.022). The HIIT+RT promoted a lower prevalence of NRs than the RT+HIIT configuration on WC, and overall, there were slightly more beneficial training-induced effects on markers of MetS in the RT+HIIT group compared to the HIIT+RT group. © Copyright © 2021 Delgado-Floody, Soriano-Maldonado, Rodríguez-Pérez, Latorre-Román, Martínez-Salazar, Vargas, Caamaño-Navarrete, Jerez-Mayorga and Álvarez.