Caracterización y comparación del proteoma de vesículas de membrana externa (OMVs) pertenecientes a distintos patotipos de Escherichia coli y la cepa comensal HS : lugar de realización : Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Chile
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Archivos
Fecha
2023
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Escherichia coli, una bacteria ampliamente conocida en el mundo de la ciencia y ha sido la
culpable de numerosos brotes de enfermedades a lo largo de la historia de la humanidad. Esta
bacteria Gram negativo, específicamente su patotipo Escherichia coli productor de Shiga-toxina
(STEC) y otros patotipos peligrosos han sido capaces a lo largo de la evolución, mediante
distintos mecanismos no dilucidados por completo aun, de adquirir genes que les proporcionan
características que aumentan su virulencia hacia ciertos hospederos. Por todo esto las E. coli
STEC y otros patotipos como AIEC, se han vuelto de importancia para la salud pública y por ende
foco de atención para los investigadores.
La E. coli STEC es un patógeno que puede causar diarrea, diarrea sanguinolenta (colitis
hemorrágica) y/o el síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH), siendo estos dos últimos síntomas
graves en humanos. El principal causante de estos síntomas graves es una toxina llamada
Shigatoxina que es liberada por las cepas STEC junto con un coctel de factores de virulencia que
le permiten generar la enfermedad en el hospedero. Esta toxina fue descrita por primera vez en
la bacteria Shigella dysenteriae y se cree que con la evolución las E. coli fueron capaces de
adquirir estos genes, posiblemente por transferencia genética horizontal. Por otro lado, está el
patotipo de Escherichia coli Adherente Invasiva (AIEC), de más reciente descubrimiento y que se
ha asociado con la enfermedad de Crohn, caracterizada por una inflamación crónica de algunas
regiones del colon y donde AIEC se logra aislar en un porcentaje mayor al 38% de los casos.
Se ha descrito que muchos de los factores de virulencia se transportan o almacenan dentro de
vesículas de membrana externa (OMVs) al momento de ser liberados. Este estudio compara los
proteomas de OMVs entre distintos patotipos y la cepa comensal Escherichia coli HS. Se
identifica un core proteómico común, incluyendo la proteína Hfq relacionada con la estabilidad de
los RNAs en OMVs. Además, AIEC y STEC presentan proteínas exclusivas dentro de las OMVs,
como Colicina M y OmpT para AIEC, y Shigatoxinas de STEC.
En conclusión, se destaca un core proteómico compartido, con la presencia de Hfq, en distintos
patotipos y la cepa comensal. Los patotipos AIEC y STEC exhiben proteínas exclusivas
relevantes para su virulencia. Además, se confirma la presencia de Shigatoxina en las OMVs de
STEC, sugiriendo un mecanismo clave de presentación de toxinas a las células del hospedero
en casos como, por ejemplo, el SUH.
Escherichia coli, a widely recognized bacterium in scientific circles, has been implicated in numerous disease outbreaks throughout human history. This Gram-negative bacterium, specifically its Shiga toxin-producing pathotype (STEC), and other pathotypes with significant health implications, have, through evolution and incompletely understood mechanisms, acquired genes that confer characteristics enhancing virulence towards specific hosts. Consequently, STEC and other pathotypes such as Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) have become of considerable public health concern and a focal point for researchers. STEC is a pathogen capable of inducing diarrhea, bloody diarrhea (hemorrhagic colitis), and/or hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), the latter two being severe symptoms in humans. The principal cause of these severe symptoms is Shiga toxin, released by STEC strains along with a cocktail of virulence factors facilitating disease development in the host. This toxin was initially described in the bacterium Shigella dysenteriae, and it is believed that, through evolution, E. coli acquired these genes, potentially via horizontal gene transfer. On the other hand, the Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) pathotype, more recently discovered, has been associated with Crohn's disease, characterized by chronic inflammation in specific regions of the colon, with AIEC being isolated in over 38% of cases. It has been documented that many virulence factors are transported or stored within outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) upon release. This study compares OMV proteomes among different pathotypes and the commensal strain HS. A shared core proteome is identified, including the Hfq protein associated with RNA stability in OMVs. Additionally, AIEC and STEC exhibit exclusive proteins, such as Colicin M and OmpT for AIEC, and Shiga toxin within STEC OMVs. In conclusion, a common core proteome, featuring the presence of Hfq, is highlighted across different pathotypes and the commensal strain. AIEC and STEC showcase exclusive proteins relevant to their virulence. Furthermore, the presence of Shiga toxin in STEC OMVs is confirmed, suggesting a pivotal mechanism for toxin presentation to host cells in conditions like hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS).
Escherichia coli, a widely recognized bacterium in scientific circles, has been implicated in numerous disease outbreaks throughout human history. This Gram-negative bacterium, specifically its Shiga toxin-producing pathotype (STEC), and other pathotypes with significant health implications, have, through evolution and incompletely understood mechanisms, acquired genes that confer characteristics enhancing virulence towards specific hosts. Consequently, STEC and other pathotypes such as Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) have become of considerable public health concern and a focal point for researchers. STEC is a pathogen capable of inducing diarrhea, bloody diarrhea (hemorrhagic colitis), and/or hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), the latter two being severe symptoms in humans. The principal cause of these severe symptoms is Shiga toxin, released by STEC strains along with a cocktail of virulence factors facilitating disease development in the host. This toxin was initially described in the bacterium Shigella dysenteriae, and it is believed that, through evolution, E. coli acquired these genes, potentially via horizontal gene transfer. On the other hand, the Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) pathotype, more recently discovered, has been associated with Crohn's disease, characterized by chronic inflammation in specific regions of the colon, with AIEC being isolated in over 38% of cases. It has been documented that many virulence factors are transported or stored within outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) upon release. This study compares OMV proteomes among different pathotypes and the commensal strain HS. A shared core proteome is identified, including the Hfq protein associated with RNA stability in OMVs. Additionally, AIEC and STEC exhibit exclusive proteins, such as Colicin M and OmpT for AIEC, and Shiga toxin within STEC OMVs. In conclusion, a common core proteome, featuring the presence of Hfq, is highlighted across different pathotypes and the commensal strain. AIEC and STEC showcase exclusive proteins relevant to their virulence. Furthermore, the presence of Shiga toxin in STEC OMVs is confirmed, suggesting a pivotal mechanism for toxin presentation to host cells in conditions like hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS).
Notas
Memoria de título (Ingeniero en Biotecnología)
Palabras clave
Proteoma, Escherichia Coli