Estudio de la dieta de la nutria marina (Lontra felina) y visón americano (Neogale vison) en la costa valdiviana
No hay miniatura disponible
Archivos
Fecha
2024
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La introducción de especies invasoras amenaza la biodiversidad global afectando principalmente los ecosistemas sensibles, como son las zonas costeras. En Chile, el visón americano (Neogale vison) desafía la conservación de especies nativas como la nutria marina (Lontra felina). Este estudio evaluó la potencial superposición de dietas entre estas especies en la costa de Valdivia.
Se recolectaron muestras de heces y vibrisas de L. felina y N. vison en Calfuco y Pilolcura, Valdivia. Las heces se analizaron para identificar restos de presas, y las vibrisas se sometieron a análisis de isótopos estables de carbono y nitrógeno. Se utilizaron el índice de Renkonen y el análisis de SIBER para evaluar la superposición de dietas.
El análisis de heces mostró que ambas especies se alimentan principalmente de crustáceos y peces, con N. vison incluyendo también aves. El análisis de isótopos reveló diferencias sutiles entre sexos en L. felina, con las hembras presentando una dieta más especializada. Contrario a lo esperado, no se encontró una superposición significativa entre las dietas de L. felina y N. vison. La firma isotópica de N. vison resultó más amplia, con valores de δ13C más negativos y δ15N más altos.
Las diferencias en los patrones alimentarios de L. felina entre Calfuco y Pilolcura sugieren una influencia de factores locales en las estrategias de forrajeo. La ausencia de superposición significativa con N. vison podría indicar una partición de recursos o el uso de fuentes de alimento diferentes.
Se necesita más investigación para comprender completamente estas interacciones y sus implicaciones para la conservación de L. felina. El tamaño limitado de la muestra plantea desafíos para la interpretación de los resultados. Este estudio proporciona nuevos conocimientos sobre las interacciones alimentarias entre una especie nativa amenazada y una especie invasora en ecosistemas costeros chilenos.
The introduction of invasive species threatens global biodiversity, primarily affecting sensitive ecosystems such as coastal areas. In Chile, the American mink (Neogale vison) challenges the conservation of native species like the marine otter (Lontra felina). This study evaluated the potential dietary overlap between these species along the Valdivian coast. Fecal and whisker samples from L. felina and N. vison were collected in Calfuco and Pilolcura, Valdivia. The feces were analyzed to identify prey remains, and the whiskers were subjected to stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis. The Renkonen index and SIBER analysis were used to assess dietary overlap. The fecal analysis showed that both species primarily feed on crustaceans and fish, with N. vison also including birds in its diet. The isotope analysis revealed subtle differences between sexes in L. felina, with females displaying a more specialized diet. Contrary to expectations, no significant overlap was found between the diets of L. felina and N. vison. The isotopic signature of N. vison was broader, with more negative δ13C values and higher δ15N values. Differences in L. felina’s feeding patterns between C Calfuco and Pilolcura suggest that local factors influence foraging strategies. The absence of significant overlap with N. vison might indicate resource partitioning or the use of different food sources. Further research is needed to fully understand these interactions and their implications for the conservation of L. felina. The limited sample size presents challenges for interpreting the results. This study provides new insights into the feeding interactions between a threatened native species and an invasive species in Chilean coastal ecosystems.
The introduction of invasive species threatens global biodiversity, primarily affecting sensitive ecosystems such as coastal areas. In Chile, the American mink (Neogale vison) challenges the conservation of native species like the marine otter (Lontra felina). This study evaluated the potential dietary overlap between these species along the Valdivian coast. Fecal and whisker samples from L. felina and N. vison were collected in Calfuco and Pilolcura, Valdivia. The feces were analyzed to identify prey remains, and the whiskers were subjected to stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis. The Renkonen index and SIBER analysis were used to assess dietary overlap. The fecal analysis showed that both species primarily feed on crustaceans and fish, with N. vison also including birds in its diet. The isotope analysis revealed subtle differences between sexes in L. felina, with females displaying a more specialized diet. Contrary to expectations, no significant overlap was found between the diets of L. felina and N. vison. The isotopic signature of N. vison was broader, with more negative δ13C values and higher δ15N values. Differences in L. felina’s feeding patterns between C Calfuco and Pilolcura suggest that local factors influence foraging strategies. The absence of significant overlap with N. vison might indicate resource partitioning or the use of different food sources. Further research is needed to fully understand these interactions and their implications for the conservation of L. felina. The limited sample size presents challenges for interpreting the results. This study provides new insights into the feeding interactions between a threatened native species and an invasive species in Chilean coastal ecosystems.
Notas
Tesis (Licenciada en Biología)
Palabras clave
Animales Introducidos, Investigaciones, Nutrias Marinas, Visón Americano, Alimentación, Ecosistemas, Chile, Valdivia.