Síndrome de Burnout y tipo de liderazgo en instituciones educativas
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Archivos
Fecha
2018
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
En la actualidad se puede observar un abismante aumento de licencias
médicas de trabajadores activos, con contrato ya sea definido o indefinido, lo que
ha provocado una gran duda de estos diagnósticos a nivel de Isapres u
organismos a cargo del pago de las mismas, provocándose por ejemplo,
investigaciones que ponen a prueba la honorabilidad de los médicos que emiten
este tipo de reposo basados en enfermedades, especialmente aquellas de índole
psiquiátrico, psicológico y emocional, como es el caso del estrés laboral,
depresiones e incluso el poco conocido Síndrome de Burnout.
Este diagnóstico médico se caracteriza por aumento progresivo de
agotamiento físico, mental y falta de motivación por la labor a realizar,
demostrando un cambio de comportamiento importante de las personas que lo
padecen. Tiende a notarse como "malos modales" o trato desagradable hacia los
demás, lo que gatilla el diagnóstico del Síndrome de Burnout. (Estrés laboral,
2018)
El Síndrome de Burnout es el tema del que se tratará la presente
investigación, relacionándolo específicamente con la labor de los docentes,
asistentes de la educación, trabajadores del contexto escolar, así como el grado
de influencia que puede llegar a tener el tipo de liderazgo en la presencia de estos
diagnósticos médicos.
Este tema surge debido a los resultados obtenidos luego de realizar un test
que verifica la presencia de al menos una de las tres subescalas que se relacionan
con el Síndrome de Burnout en a lo menos un 45% de la población de trabajadores del Liceo de Coronel Antonio Salamanca, ubicado en la región del
Bío Bío, que cuenta con una matrícula de 1500 estudiantes aproximadamente,
entre los niveles de Séptimo Básico a 4to año Medio, cuyo sostenedor es la Ilustre
Municipalidad de Coronel, quienes además se encuentran adscritos a la ley de
Subvención Escolar Preferencial (SEP), y a recursos provenientes del Programa
de Integración Escolar (PIE).
Por lo descrito anteriormente, es que el principal objetivo de la presente
investigación es establecer la relación entre el tipo de liderazgo del Liceo de
Coronel Antonio Salamanca, y el índice de población de personal docente y
administrativo afectado con la presencia del Síndrome de Burnout o con la
manifestación de algunas de sus tres subescalas: cansancio emocional,
despersonalización, realización personal.
Por ello, es que se realizó una investigación de carácter cuantitativo, que
permitió la recolección de datos con base numérica, con la finalidad de probar o
rechazar la hipótesis investigativa. Junto con lo menciqnado, el tipo de estudio es
correlacional, el cual permitió establecer la relación entre las variables señaladas
en el objetivo de investigación.
De los principales resultados obtenidos, se pudo determinar que el tipo de
liderazgo predominante en el establecimiento educacional es democrático, sin
embargo, parte del equipo directivo manifestó la utilización de más de un estilo de
liderazgo, el cual se encuentra sujeto al contexto situacional. En relación al
personal docente y funcionarios de la institución, se pudo determinar la presencia
de al menos una de las subcategorías del Síndrome de Burnout, relacionándose a
su vez con la cantidad de años de servicio.
At present we can observe an abyss increase of medical licenses of active workers, with a definite or indefinite contract, which has provoked a great doubt of these diagnoses at the level of Isapres or agencies in charge of the payment of the same, provoked by example, research that tests the good repute of doctors who issue this type of rest based on diseases, especially those of a psychiatric, psychological and emotional nature, as is the case of work stress, depression and even the little known. This medical diagnosis is characterized by a progressive increase in physical, mental exhaustion and lack of motivation for the work to be done, demonstrating a change in the behavior of the people who suffer from it. Tends to be noted as "bad manners" or unpleasant treatment towards others, which triggers the diagnosis of Burnout Syndrome. (Labor stress, 2018) The Burnout Syndrome is the subject of the present investigation, relating it specifically with the work of the teachers, assistants of the education, workers of the scholastic context, as well as the degree of influence that can have the type of leadership in the presence of these medical diagnoses. This issue arises due to the results obtained after performing a test that verifies the presence of at least one of the three subscales that are related to the Burnout Syndrome in at least 45% of the population of workers of the Liceo de Coronel Antonio Salamanca, located in the region of Bío Bío, which has an enrollment of approximately 1500 students, between the levels of Seventh Basic to 4th Middle Year,, whose holder is the Illustrious Municipality of Coronel, who are also attached to the Law of Subsidy Preferential School (SEP), and resources from the School Integration Program (PIE). As described above, the main objective of the present investigation is to establish the relationship between the leadership style of the Liceo de Coronel Antonio Salamanca, and the population index of teaching and administrative personnel affected by the presence of Burnout Syndrome or with the manifestation of some of its three subscales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal fulfillment. Therefore, it is that a quantitative research was carried out, which allowed the collection of data with numerical base, in order to prove or reject the investigative hypothesis. Along with the aforementioned, the type of study is correlational, which allowed to establish the relationship between the variables indicated in the research objective. From the main results obtained, it was possible to determine that the predominant type of leadership in the educational establishment is democratic, however, part of the management team manifested the use of more than one leadership style, which is subject to the situational context. In relation to the teaching staff and officials of the institution, it was possible to determine the presence of at least one of the subcategories of the Burnout Syndrome, relating in turn to the number of years of service.
At present we can observe an abyss increase of medical licenses of active workers, with a definite or indefinite contract, which has provoked a great doubt of these diagnoses at the level of Isapres or agencies in charge of the payment of the same, provoked by example, research that tests the good repute of doctors who issue this type of rest based on diseases, especially those of a psychiatric, psychological and emotional nature, as is the case of work stress, depression and even the little known. This medical diagnosis is characterized by a progressive increase in physical, mental exhaustion and lack of motivation for the work to be done, demonstrating a change in the behavior of the people who suffer from it. Tends to be noted as "bad manners" or unpleasant treatment towards others, which triggers the diagnosis of Burnout Syndrome. (Labor stress, 2018) The Burnout Syndrome is the subject of the present investigation, relating it specifically with the work of the teachers, assistants of the education, workers of the scholastic context, as well as the degree of influence that can have the type of leadership in the presence of these medical diagnoses. This issue arises due to the results obtained after performing a test that verifies the presence of at least one of the three subscales that are related to the Burnout Syndrome in at least 45% of the population of workers of the Liceo de Coronel Antonio Salamanca, located in the region of Bío Bío, which has an enrollment of approximately 1500 students, between the levels of Seventh Basic to 4th Middle Year,, whose holder is the Illustrious Municipality of Coronel, who are also attached to the Law of Subsidy Preferential School (SEP), and resources from the School Integration Program (PIE). As described above, the main objective of the present investigation is to establish the relationship between the leadership style of the Liceo de Coronel Antonio Salamanca, and the population index of teaching and administrative personnel affected by the presence of Burnout Syndrome or with the manifestation of some of its three subscales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal fulfillment. Therefore, it is that a quantitative research was carried out, which allowed the collection of data with numerical base, in order to prove or reject the investigative hypothesis. Along with the aforementioned, the type of study is correlational, which allowed to establish the relationship between the variables indicated in the research objective. From the main results obtained, it was possible to determine that the predominant type of leadership in the educational establishment is democratic, however, part of the management team manifested the use of more than one leadership style, which is subject to the situational context. In relation to the teaching staff and officials of the institution, it was possible to determine the presence of at least one of the subcategories of the Burnout Syndrome, relating in turn to the number of years of service.
Notas
Seminario de grado (Magíster en Dirección y Liderazgo para la Gestión Educacional)
Falta hoja 115.
Falta hoja 115.
Palabras clave
Agotamiento Profesional, Liderazgo Educacional, Chile, Coronel