Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento polarizado en el somatotipo, composiciĆ³n corporal y autoestima en mujeres de Villa Alemana
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Date
2017
Profesor/a GuĆa
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad AndrƩs Bello
Nombre de Curso
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Abstract
El sedentarismo incide negativamente en la composiciĆ³n corporal, aumentando la obesidad
a nivel mundial, por lo que tambiƩn es considerado un problema importante de salud
pĆŗblica que afecta a millones de personas en todo el mundo. En Chile, el 93% de las
mujeres son sedentarias y el 64% presentan sobrepeso u obesidad. El objetivo del estudio
fue determinar los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento polarizado de 15 semanas de
duraciĆ³n en el somatotipo, composiciĆ³n corporal y autoestima en mujeres con sobrepeso u
obesidad pertenecientes al programa vida sana de Villa Alemana, Chile. Participaron 12
mujeres sedentarias de 46,37 Ā± 14,79 aƱos, con sobrepeso u obesidad de un programa de
ejercicio fĆsico polarizado durante quince semanas. Se evaluaron las variables
antropomĆ©tricas: peso, talla, Ćndice de masa corporal (IMC), pliegues cutĆ”neos, diĆ”metros
Ć³seos y perĆmetros; para determinar el somatotipo se utilizĆ³ la fĆ³rmula de Heath y Carter, la
escala de autoestima de Rosenberg se usĆ³ para determinar el autoestima. Los resultados del
estudio mostraron una clasificaciĆ³n del somatotipo mesomorfo endomorfo sin variaciĆ³n
entre el pre y post (p=0,306). Tras quince semanas de intervenciĆ³n se evidenciaron
disminuciones en la sumatoria de cuatro pliegues (p=0,040), perĆmetro cintura mĆnima
(p=0,003), perĆmetro cadera mĆ”xima (p=0,013), ICC (p=0,005) y una mejora del autoestima (p=0,000). Se concluye que el plan de entrenamiento produjo una disminuciĆ³n
en el tejido adiposo con una tendencia a la disminuciĆ³n del componente endomorfia sin
apreciarse diferencias en el somatotipo, el programa mejorĆ³ el autoestima de las mujeres
intervenidas.
Sedentary lifestyle affects the body composition in a negative way, increasing the levels of obesity around the world; thereby it is considered a public health issue affecting millions of people worldwide. In Chile, 93% of women carry on sedentary lifestyles and 64% are overweight or obese. The objective of our study was to determine the effects of a fifteen weeks selective training of somatotype, body composition and self-esteem on overweight or obese women from the Healthy Life Program in Villa Alemana, Chile. 12 overweight or obese women of sedentary life of 46,37+14,79 years old participated in a selective physical activity program for fifteen weeks. We assessed the anthropometric variables of weight, size, body mass index (BMI), skin folds, and bone diameters and perimeters. To determine the somatotype, we used the Heath-Carter method and to establish the levels of self-esteem we used Rosenbergās Self-esteem scale. The results showed no variation of the mesomorph endomorph somatotype between the pre and post (p=0,306). After fifteen weeks of intervention, there was an evident decreased of four skin folds (p=0,040), minimum waist circumference (p=0,003), maximum hip perimeter (p=0,013), waist to hip ratio (p=0,005) and an improved self-esteem (p=0,000). As a conclusion, our training plan showed a decrease in the adipose tissue with a tendency of reducing the endomorphic component without differences in the somatotype, the program improved the self-esteem of the women in this study.
Sedentary lifestyle affects the body composition in a negative way, increasing the levels of obesity around the world; thereby it is considered a public health issue affecting millions of people worldwide. In Chile, 93% of women carry on sedentary lifestyles and 64% are overweight or obese. The objective of our study was to determine the effects of a fifteen weeks selective training of somatotype, body composition and self-esteem on overweight or obese women from the Healthy Life Program in Villa Alemana, Chile. 12 overweight or obese women of sedentary life of 46,37+14,79 years old participated in a selective physical activity program for fifteen weeks. We assessed the anthropometric variables of weight, size, body mass index (BMI), skin folds, and bone diameters and perimeters. To determine the somatotype, we used the Heath-Carter method and to establish the levels of self-esteem we used Rosenbergās Self-esteem scale. The results showed no variation of the mesomorph endomorph somatotype between the pre and post (p=0,306). After fifteen weeks of intervention, there was an evident decreased of four skin folds (p=0,040), minimum waist circumference (p=0,003), maximum hip perimeter (p=0,013), waist to hip ratio (p=0,005) and an improved self-esteem (p=0,000). As a conclusion, our training plan showed a decrease in the adipose tissue with a tendency of reducing the endomorphic component without differences in the somatotype, the program improved the self-esteem of the women in this study.
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Tesis (Profesor de EducaciĆ³n FĆsica para la EducaciĆ³n
General BĆ”sica, Licenciado en EducaciĆ³n)
Keywords
Actividad fĆsica en mujeres, Indicadores de Salud, Somatotipo, Autoestima, Entrenamiento polarizado, Chile