Efecto en el crecimiento y la sobrevivencia para juveniles de Samastacus Spinifrons, con nueva estrategia de alimentación en sistema de cultivo semi intensivo
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Fecha
2003
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Se evaluó el efecto que provocaría la nueva estrategia de alimentación en juveniles de la especie de camarón de río del sur, Samastacus spinifrons, en sistema de cultivo semiintensivo, a partir del primer día de alimentación hasta los tres primeros meses de vida, luego de su liberación; evaluando Tasa de Crecimiento y sobrevivencia.
Esta investigación se llevó a cabo dentro de un invernadero experimental, de la empresa Fundación Chile, para las etapas iniciales del cultivo del camarón de río del sur, ubicado en la zona de Quillaipe, km 25 de la Carretera Austral, X región de Chile.
Originalmente la alimentación ocurría una vez al día, entre las 16:00 y las 18:00 horas aproximadamente. La estrategia propuesta en este proyecto consiste en alimentar dos veces
por día en horarios de elevada actividad de los parastácidos: justo antes del amanecer y
antes de la puesta de sol.
Luego de llevar a cabo un análisis de varianza tipo ANOVA para los resultados de muestreo obtenidos en la investigación, tanto para las variables de peso húmedo (PH), como para largo total (LT), es destacable decir, que en los dos últimos análisis el grupo tratamiento tuvo un crecimiento significativamente mayor en comparación al grupo control.
En lo que respecta a la sobrevivencia, es posible decir, luego de haber analizado los resultados con una comparación de proporciones entre dos variables independientes (Grupo Tratamiento v/s Grupo Control), que dentro de los 22 resultados obtenidos, en los números 14, 15 y 16 hubo diferencias significativas por parte del grupo control, en comparación al grupo tratamiento.
Luego del análisis respectivo hecho para la “tasa de crecimiento”, se concluye que , al aplicar la innovación propuesta en esta tesis de grado, alimentando en los horarios pico de actividad de la mayoría de los parastácidos, hay mayor crecimiento por parte del grupo tratamiento, con diferencias significativas.
Finalmente, tras el análisis hecho para los niveles de “sobrevivencia” de los juveniles de Samastacus spinifrons, es posible concluir que, al alimentar en los horarios pico de actividad de la mayoría de los parastácidos , hubo diferencia significativa, con mayor sobrevivencia en el grupo control en parte del tiempo de investigación.
Implementing a new feeding strategy amidst a semi-intensive culture for young crayfish from the south, Samastacus spinifrons, was the object of this evaluation. This young crayfish were fed from their very first day when liberated from their mothers up to they were 3 months old; the main issue being augmenting the growing rate of the species and achieving a major surviving rate. This research took place in the experimental nursery for the early culture of crayfish from the south of Fundación Chile, located in the Quillaipe region, km 25 of the Austral Road, on the X region of Chile. At present, this species are fed once a day, between 16:00 and 18:00. This project pretends to implement a new feeding strategy done twice a day while astacidus are highly active, that is to say just before sunrise and before sunset. The investigation sample results, as for humid weight variants (PH) and as for total height (LT) in an ANOVA type variant analysis, were that, in the last 2 taken analysis, the treatment group had significantly grown more than the control group. As far as the surviving of the species is concerned a proportion comparison analysis between independent variants (treatment group vs. control group) was made and the number 14, 15 and 16, out of the 22 obtained results, confirmed a major surviving rate of the control group, than that of the treatment group. The conclusion after analysing the growth rate is that, when applying the proposed innovation on this thesis, the majority of the parastacidos that were fed on peak activity hours have had a better and significant development and growth. When analysed the young Samastacus spinifrons survival levels it is possible to conclude that, when fed on peak activity hours, most of the parastacidos have had a major survival rate within the controlled group during the investigation.
Implementing a new feeding strategy amidst a semi-intensive culture for young crayfish from the south, Samastacus spinifrons, was the object of this evaluation. This young crayfish were fed from their very first day when liberated from their mothers up to they were 3 months old; the main issue being augmenting the growing rate of the species and achieving a major surviving rate. This research took place in the experimental nursery for the early culture of crayfish from the south of Fundación Chile, located in the Quillaipe region, km 25 of the Austral Road, on the X region of Chile. At present, this species are fed once a day, between 16:00 and 18:00. This project pretends to implement a new feeding strategy done twice a day while astacidus are highly active, that is to say just before sunrise and before sunset. The investigation sample results, as for humid weight variants (PH) and as for total height (LT) in an ANOVA type variant analysis, were that, in the last 2 taken analysis, the treatment group had significantly grown more than the control group. As far as the surviving of the species is concerned a proportion comparison analysis between independent variants (treatment group vs. control group) was made and the number 14, 15 and 16, out of the 22 obtained results, confirmed a major surviving rate of the control group, than that of the treatment group. The conclusion after analysing the growth rate is that, when applying the proposed innovation on this thesis, the majority of the parastacidos that were fed on peak activity hours have had a better and significant development and growth. When analysed the young Samastacus spinifrons survival levels it is possible to conclude that, when fed on peak activity hours, most of the parastacidos have had a major survival rate within the controlled group during the investigation.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniería en Acuicultura)
Palabras clave
Camarón de río, Estrategias de alimentación, Sistemas de cultivos, Chile, Tasa de crecimiento y sobrevivencia