Material particulado 2.5 y sindrome bronquial obstructivo en menores de 12 meses durante los meses de invierno de 2013 : Un estudio en el CESFAM Edgardo Enriquez Froedden de la comuna Pedro Aguirre Cerda.
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2014
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Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
RESUMEN: Introducción: El síndrome bronquial obstructivo (SBO) es la principal causa específica de consultas pediátricas en Chile. Esta y otras enfermedades respiratorias se asocian a altos niveles de contaminación ambiental, específicamente por material particulado 2.5 (MP2.5).
Objetivos: Establecer si existe correlación entre la presencia de sibilancias y MP2.5 en menores de 12 meses diagnosticados con SBO en el CESFAM Edgardo Enríquez Froedden, durante los meses de invierno del año 2013.
Metodología: Estudio correlacional descriptivo que incluyó variables extraídas de las fichas clínicas de 24 pacientes como sexo, edad, tabaquismo materno y presencia de sibilancias, además del promedio diario de concentración de MP2.5. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizo el test exacto de Fisher.
Resultados: No se obtuvieron resultados significativos para los análisis de correlación entre sibilancias y MP2.5. Un 65% de los menores era de sexo femenino, un 62,5% era mayor a 6 meses y un 79,2% de las madres no fumaban.
Conclusión: No existe correlación entre la presencia de sibilancias y MP2.5, probablemente debido a la distribución de las variables incluidas. Se siguiere la utilización de una muestra de mayor tamaño y un control de factores confundentes para estudios posteriores.
Palabras clave: Síndrome bronquial obstructivo, Sibilancias, Material particulado 2.5.
ABSTRACT: Background: Bronchial Obstructive Syndrome (OPD) is the most common specific cause of pediatric visits in Chile. This and other respiratory diseases are associated with high levels of environmental pollution, specifically, particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5). Aim: Establish if there any correlation between the presence of wheezing and PM2.5 in children under 12 months who were diagnosed with OPD in Edgardo Enriquez Froedden’s health center, during the winter months of 2013. Methodology: This is a descriptive correlational study that included variables extracted from the medical records of 24 patients: sex, age, maternal smoking and wheezing, in addition to the daily average concentration of PM2.5. In this study, for statistical analysis, Fisher’s exact test was used. Results: There is no significant correlation in the analyzes between wheezing symptoms and PM2.5. In this case, 65% of children were female, 62,5% were older than 6 months and 79,2% of mother did not smoke. Conclusions: There is no correlation between the presence of wheezing and PM2.5, probably due to the distribution of the variables included. Increase sample size and control for confounding factors is suggested for future related studies. Key words: Bronchial Obtructive Syndrome, Wheezing, Particulate Matter 2.5.
ABSTRACT: Background: Bronchial Obstructive Syndrome (OPD) is the most common specific cause of pediatric visits in Chile. This and other respiratory diseases are associated with high levels of environmental pollution, specifically, particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5). Aim: Establish if there any correlation between the presence of wheezing and PM2.5 in children under 12 months who were diagnosed with OPD in Edgardo Enriquez Froedden’s health center, during the winter months of 2013. Methodology: This is a descriptive correlational study that included variables extracted from the medical records of 24 patients: sex, age, maternal smoking and wheezing, in addition to the daily average concentration of PM2.5. In this study, for statistical analysis, Fisher’s exact test was used. Results: There is no significant correlation in the analyzes between wheezing symptoms and PM2.5. In this case, 65% of children were female, 62,5% were older than 6 months and 79,2% of mother did not smoke. Conclusions: There is no correlation between the presence of wheezing and PM2.5, probably due to the distribution of the variables included. Increase sample size and control for confounding factors is suggested for future related studies. Key words: Bronchial Obtructive Syndrome, Wheezing, Particulate Matter 2.5.
Notas
Tesis (Licenciado en Kinesiología)
Palabras clave
Mortalidad infantil -- Chile., Contaminación atmosférica en las comunas de santiago -- Chile.