Costo económico de la actividad física efectiva sobre la calidad de vida de los adultos con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
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Fecha
2017
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Las patologías relacionadas con el tabaco en Chile, representan un costo billonario asignado directamente. La Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) es una de las primordiales enfermedades atribuidas a estos gastos hechos por el Ministerio de Salud de Chile. Aumentar los niveles de actividad física en estos usuarios puede vincularse a una mejora en su pronóstico. La actividad física asimismo es uno de los principales factores para definir la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS).
Realizar un análisis crítico de la evidencia del programa de actividad física más efectivo para mejorar la calidad de vida en los adultos con EPOC, y determinar su costo económico.
Este estudio es una revisión sistemática de literatura guiada por el protocolo PRISMA. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos electrónicas: Medline, PubMed, y SciELO, utilizando la plataforma EBSCO. Y además se usó la plataforma TripDataBase. El proceso completo se desarrolló entre marzo de 2016 a enero de 2017.
Se seleccionaron 4 Ensayos Clínicos Aleatorizado (ECA), analizados según el protocolo CONSORT. En los estudios de Altenburg et al, Hospes et al y Mendoza et al, mejoró la calidad de vida de los usuarios con EPOC. El estudio de Wootton et al, evidenció una mejoría significativa en las puntuaciones totales de la CVRS (p <0,003) .
El programa de actividad física más efectivo para mejorar la calidad de vida es el de caminata sobre terreno supervisada por fisioterapeutas (Wooton et al). Demostró una mejora significativa en calidad de vida y en la capacidad de ejercicio. Con un bajo costo económico en comparación a los gastos en el manejo de las exacerbaciones de la EPOC.
The pathologies related to tobacco in Chile, represent a billionaire cost assigned directly(1). COPD is one of the primary diseases attributed to these expenditures made by the Chilean Ministry of Health(1). Increasing physical activity levels in these users can be linked to an improvement in their prognosis(2). Physical activity is also one of the main factors to define the quality of life related to health (HRQOL)(2) . To perform a critical analysis of the evidence of the programme of physical activity most effective to improve the quality of life in adults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and determine its economic cost. It is a systematic review guided by the PRISMA protocol. The search was done in electronic databases such as Medline, PubMed, and SciELO, of which was entered through the EBSCO platform. Moreover, the TripDataBase was used. The complete process was developed between March 2016 and January 2017. 4 Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) were selected, which was analyzed through the CONSORT protocol. In the studies by Altenburg et al, Hospes et al and Mendoza et al, increased the quality of life of patients with COPD. In the study of Wootton et al was observed a significant improvement in the total scores of HRQOL (p <0.003). Conclusion: The physical activity program more effective in improving the quality of life is to walk on ground supervised by physiotherapists. It demonstrated a significant improvement in CRQ questionnaire scores and exercise capacity. With a low economic cost compared to the expenses in the management of exacerbations of COPD.
The pathologies related to tobacco in Chile, represent a billionaire cost assigned directly(1). COPD is one of the primary diseases attributed to these expenditures made by the Chilean Ministry of Health(1). Increasing physical activity levels in these users can be linked to an improvement in their prognosis(2). Physical activity is also one of the main factors to define the quality of life related to health (HRQOL)(2) . To perform a critical analysis of the evidence of the programme of physical activity most effective to improve the quality of life in adults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and determine its economic cost. It is a systematic review guided by the PRISMA protocol. The search was done in electronic databases such as Medline, PubMed, and SciELO, of which was entered through the EBSCO platform. Moreover, the TripDataBase was used. The complete process was developed between March 2016 and January 2017. 4 Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) were selected, which was analyzed through the CONSORT protocol. In the studies by Altenburg et al, Hospes et al and Mendoza et al, increased the quality of life of patients with COPD. In the study of Wootton et al was observed a significant improvement in the total scores of HRQOL (p <0.003). Conclusion: The physical activity program more effective in improving the quality of life is to walk on ground supervised by physiotherapists. It demonstrated a significant improvement in CRQ questionnaire scores and exercise capacity. With a low economic cost compared to the expenses in the management of exacerbations of COPD.
Notas
Tesis (Licenciado en Kinesiología)
Palabras clave
Adulto Mayor, Calidad de Vida, Neumopatías Obstructivas, Ejercicio Físico, Aspectos Económicos