La justificación de la ética del discurso de Habermas: entre lógica e historia
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2023-06
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Jürgen Habermas elabora una filosofía moral vinculada con la tradición kantiana, dicha herencia se relaciona con las características de su punto de vista moral desde una postura formalista, cognitivista, universalista y procedimental. En términos de la fundamentación del principio moral, Habermas señala que este depende de una estrategia de derivación lógica a partir de dos premisas: una idea débil de justificación normativa y las reglas del discurso racional. Sin embargo, no desarrolló esta derivación, sosteniendo que la fundamentación de su posición se basa en un argumento histórico. Este componente señala que los sujetos modernos tienen un compromiso de resolver sus conflictos por medio de la deliberación, por ende, surge la pregunta sobre si la incorporación de este argumento no supone un abandono de Kant, quien buscaba fundamentar la moral más allá de lo contingente e histórico. Este artículo sostiene que en la doctrina del “hecho de la razón” Kant elabora un argumento similar al
punto de vista habermasiano. Además, propone que, a pesar del carácter histórico de la justificación del principio moral, esta descansa en la noción kantiana de autonomía. La unión de estos dos argumentos permite concluir que Habermas no abandona a Kant como sostienen algunos de sus comentadores.
Jürgen Habermas develops a moral philosophy related to the Kantian tradition. This heritage can be seen in the characteristics that constitute his moral point of view, since it is formalist, cognitivist, universalist and procedural. In terms of the justification of the moral principle, Habermas points out that it depends on a strategy of logical derivation from two premises: a weak idea of normative justification and the rules of rational discourse. However, he never developed this derivation, and finally he is inclined to maintain that the justification is only possible from a historical argument. This component indicates that modern subjects have a commitment to resolve their conflicts through deliberation. Thus, the question arises as to whether the incorporation of this argument does not imply an abandonment of Kant, who sought to base morality beyond the contingent and historical. The article argues that in the doctrine of the “fact of reason” Kant elaborates an argument similar to the one developed by Habermas. In addition, it shows that, despite the historical character of the justification of the moral principle, this in any case rests on a Kantian notion of autonomy. From these two arguments, it can be concluded that Habermas would not be abandoning Kant as some of his commentators maintain.
Jürgen Habermas develops a moral philosophy related to the Kantian tradition. This heritage can be seen in the characteristics that constitute his moral point of view, since it is formalist, cognitivist, universalist and procedural. In terms of the justification of the moral principle, Habermas points out that it depends on a strategy of logical derivation from two premises: a weak idea of normative justification and the rules of rational discourse. However, he never developed this derivation, and finally he is inclined to maintain that the justification is only possible from a historical argument. This component indicates that modern subjects have a commitment to resolve their conflicts through deliberation. Thus, the question arises as to whether the incorporation of this argument does not imply an abandonment of Kant, who sought to base morality beyond the contingent and historical. The article argues that in the doctrine of the “fact of reason” Kant elaborates an argument similar to the one developed by Habermas. In addition, it shows that, despite the historical character of the justification of the moral principle, this in any case rests on a Kantian notion of autonomy. From these two arguments, it can be concluded that Habermas would not be abandoning Kant as some of his commentators maintain.
Notas
Indexación: Revista UNAB.
Palabras clave
Kant, Jürgen Habermas, Hegel, Ética del discurso, Principio de universalización (U)., Discourse Ethics, Principle (U).
Citación
Revista de Humanidades Nº 47 (enero-junio 2023): 113-138
DOI
https://doi.org/10.53382/issn.2452-445X.697