FE - Artículos de Revista

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Examinando FE - Artículos de Revista por Materia "Adult"

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    Latent class analyses of multimorbidity and all-cause mortality: A prospective study in Chilean adults
    (Public Library of Science, 2023-01) Nazar, Gabriela; Díaz-Toro, Felipe; Concha-Cisternas, Yeny; Leiva-Ordoñez, Ana María; Troncoso-Pantoja, Claudia; Celis-Morales, Carlos; Petermann-Rocha, Fanny
    Multimorbidity patterns can lead to differential risks for all-cause mortality. Within the Chilean context, research on morbidity and mortality predominantly emphasizes individual diseases or combinations thereof, rather than specific disease clusters. This study aimed to identify multimorbidity patterns, along with their associations with mortality, within a representative sample of the Chilean population. 3,701 participants aged ≥18 from the Chilean National Health Survey 2009–2010 were included in this prospective study. Multimorbidity patterns were identified from 16 chronic conditions and then classified using latent class analyses. All-cause mortality data were extracted from the Chilean Civil Registry. The association of classes with all-cause mortality was carried out using Cox proportional regression models, adjusting by sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. Three classes were identified: a) Class 1, the healthiest (72.1%); b) Class 2, the depression/cardiovascular disease/ cancer class (17.5%); and c) Class 3, hypertension/chronic kidney disease class (10.4%). Classes 2 and 3 showed higher mortality risk than the healthiest class. After adjusting, Class 2 showed 45% higher mortality risk, and Class 3 98% higher mortality risk, compared with the healthiest class. Hypertension appeared to be a critical underlying factor of all-cause morbidity. Particular combinations of chronic diseases have a higher excess risk of mortality than others.
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    Single-pass albumin dialysis as treatment of acute on chronic liver failure during COVID-19 pneumonia. report of one case
    (Sociedad Medica de Santiago, 2022-11) Ramírez-Guerrero, Gonzalo; Zurita-Poza, Anita; Baghetti-Hernández, Romyna; Villagrán-Cortés, Francisco; Segovia-Hernández, Bárbara; Aguirre-Adones, Lisette; Garay, Osvaldo
    Liver transplantation is the only effective therapy to reduce the high mortality associated with acute liver failure and acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF). Single-pass albumin dialysis (SPAD) is an extracorporeal supportive therapy used as a bridge to liver transplantation or regeneration. We report a 44-year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis admitted for critical COVID-19 pneumonia that evolves with ACLF. SPAD technique was performed completing six sessions, with a reduction of bilirubin and ammonia levels. He evolved with severe respiratory failure and refractory septic shock, dying. SPAD is a safe and efficient technique aimed to eliminate liver toxins, preventing multiorgan damage interrupting the process known as the "autointoxication hypothesis". It is easy to implement in any critical patient unit and has lower costs than other extracorporeal liver support therapies. © 2022 Sociedad Medica de Santiago. All rights reserved.
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    Social determinants of health that influence in the incidence/prevalence of cardiovascular disease
    (Editorial Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia, 2023-01-01) Flores, Arturo; Saelzer, Lisselotte; Cartagena-Ramos, Denisse
    Introduction: Germany, the United States and Brazil are the countries with the highest mortality rates due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). In Chile, they represent the leading cause of death in adults. There are structural and intermediate determinants that interfere in the incidence and prevalence of CVD. Objective: to describe the influence of social determinants of health (SDH) on the incidence and prevalence of CVD in adults. Methods: This was a systematic review. The question was elaborated according to the PICO acronym. The PubMed and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases were used. For PubMed, the search was constructed using the descriptors MeSH, Adult, Cardiovascular Disease, Social Determinants of Health. For VHL, by means of DeCS, Cardiovascular Disease, Social Determinants of Health, Adult in Spanish, English and Portuguese. For both searches, in combination with keywords and Boolean operators AND and OR. All references were imported into EndNote. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated according to JBI Critical Appraisal tools. Deductive thematic analysis of the data was performed. Results: a total of 834 articles were identified and 31 included. The structural determinants identified were race, sex, socioeconomic level and educational level. The intermediate determinants identified were rurality, comorbidities, mental health factors and the presence of unhealthy habits. Conclusions: low socioeconomic and educational level were the structural DSS identified. Poor mental health and the presence of unhealthy habits were intermediate DSS that influenced the incidence and prevalence of CVD.