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Micromotion analysis of immediately loaded implants with Titanium and Cobalt-Chrome superstructures. 3D finite element analysis
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2021-08) Tobar-Reyes, Julio; Andueza-Castro, Luis; Jiménez-Silva, Antonio; Bustamante-Plaza, Roger; Carvajal-Herrera, Juan
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of micromotion of dental implants under immediate loading supported by Titanium (Ti) and Cobalt-Chrome (Co-Cr) superstructures. Material and methods: A model of tridimensional half-edentulous maxilla with three dental implants was made using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Two standard and one zygomatic implants were connected to a superstructure with an elliptic section of 6x 3 mm (mm). Two study models were established. Model A: Titanium (Ti) alloy superstructure; Model B: Cobalt-Chrome (Co-Cr) alloy superstructure. To simulate an immediate-loading situation, a friction coefficient of 0.71 was applied between the implant and the bone surface. An axial load of 252.04 [N] was applied on standard and zygomatic implants. Results: The Micromotion of dental implants was similar in both superstructure situations. The amount of micromotion was slightly higher in B1 and B3 models (Co-Cr alloy-superstructure) compared with A1 and A3 models (Titanium alloy superstructure). The micromotion values in two groups were greater than 150 μm in the incisive region (standard implant) and molar region (zygomatic). In general, the micromotion was higher on the implant that received the load with respect to the other implants. The greater difference was observed when the load was applied on the standard implant A1 (Model A1 = 189.12 μm) compared with standard implant B1(Model B1 = 263.25 μm). Conclusions: Within the limits of present study, all implants on different load application points showed micromotion; in general, the amount of micromotion was slightly higher in the implants connected with Co-Cr alloy superstructure. © 2020 The Authors. Clinical and Experimental Dental Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Fibro-odontoma ameloblástico. Reporte de un caso
(Asociacion Odontologica Argentina, 2021-08) Rojas, Valentina Chávez; Zamora, Gonzalo Ibaceta; Pinto, Carolina Somarriva; Fernández, Fernando Parada; Escobar, Diego Fonseca
Objetivo: Presentar el caso de una patología poco común como es el fibro-odontoma ameloblástico (FOA), su manejo interdisciplinario y su resolución quirúrgica. Caso clínico: En este reporte de caso describimos un FOA en una paciente de 10 años, ubicado en el cuerpo mandibular derecho, asociado a las raíces de molares temporales que generó la retención de premolares. Se realizó la enucleación completa de la lesión, exodoncia de los temporales asociados y se decidió mantener los dientes definitivos y esperar su erupción espontánea. Es importante considerar la posibilidad de mantener el diente retenido si este no dificulta la exéresis de la lesión, ya sea para su erupción espontánea o rescate ortodóntico, lo cual es posible observar en este caso en el que se aprecia una evolución intraósea favorable. Con respecto al seguimiento, se recomienda el control a largo plazo con el fin de controlar la erupción del órgano dentario o la aparición de posibles recidivas.
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α at the invasive tumor front in oral squamous cell carcinoma
(Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 0025) Silveira, Felipe Martins; Schuch, Lauren Frenzel; Pereira-Prado, Vanesa; Molina-Frechero, Nelly; Lopez-Verdin, Sandra; Gómez Palacio-Gastélum, Marcelo; Arocena, Miguel; Niklander, Sven; Sicco, Estefania; Bologna-Molina, Ronell
BACKGROUND Hypoxia in oral cancer promotes tumoral invasion by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, leading to aggressive tumor progression. AIM To characterize the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) at the invasive tumor front (ITF) in comparison to tumor islands (TI) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to explore its relationship with E-cadherin and Vimentin expression. METHODS Thirty-eight cases of OSCC and five cases of normal oral mucosa (NOM) were included in this study. The ITF was identified based on the region and immune expression of AE1/AE3. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the expression of HIF-1α, Vimentin, and E-cadherin. The immunostaining was analyzed using an immunoreactive score, and the results were illustrated using immunofluorescence. RESULTS HIF-1α expression was significantly higher in the TI region compared to the ITF region (P = 0.0134). Additionally, a significant difference was observed between TI and NOM (P = 0.0115). In the ITF regions, HIF-1α expression showed a significant correlation with Vimentin expression, with higher levels of HIF-1α associated with increased Vimentin expression (P = 0.017). CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, HIF-1α appears to play a distinct role in OSCC tumor progression, underscoring the importance of exploring hypoxia-driven changes in cellular phenotype at the ITF of OSCC. Further research is needed to better understand their impact on OSCC prognosis. ©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications—A Narrative Review
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 0025) Fuentes-Barría, Héctor; Aguilera-Eguía, Raúl; Flores-Fernández, Cherie; Angarita-Davila, Lissé; Rojas-Gómez, Diana; Alarcón-Rivera, Miguel; López-Soto, Olga; Maureira-Sánchez, Juan
Vitamin D has been widely studied for its implications on type 2 diabetes mellitus, a chronic condition characterized by insulin resistance, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. This review explores the molecular mechanisms underpinning vitamin D’s effects on glucose metabolism, inflammation, and adipogenesis, while assessing its potential clinical applications in type 2 diabetes. In its 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 form, vitamin D modulates various metabolic processes, affecting proinflammatory cytokines and activating the AMPK pathway, inhibiting mTOR signaling, and promoting adipocyte differentiation. These effects enhance insulin sensitivity and reduce chronic inflammation, key contributors to metabolic dysfunction. In this context, the progression of prediabetes has been linked to vitamin D, which limits pathological progression and increases the likelihood of restoring a normal metabolic state, crucial in diabetes progression. Moreover, vitamin D has been reported to reduce the likelihood of developing diabetes by 15%, particularly in doses higher than the traditional recommendations for bone health. Despite promising evidence, discrepancies in study designs, serum vitamin D measurements, and population-specific factors highlight the need for standardized methodologies and personalized approaches. In conclusion, vitamin D has complementary therapeutic potential in treating type 2 diabetes, revealing gaps in research, such as optimal dosing and long-term effects across populations. Future studies should integrate molecular insights into clinical practice to optimize vitamin D’s impact on metabolic health. © 2025 by the authors.
VALIDATION OF FAMILY IMPACT SCALE TO ASSESS ORAL HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PARENTS OF CHILEAN PRESCHOOLERS
(Journal of Stomatology, Volume 76, Issue 1, Pages 26 - 302023, 2023) Cartes-Velásquez, Ricardo Andrés; Altamirano-Valdivia, Diego; Bizama-Vásquez, Rodrigo; Campos, Valeria; León-Manco, Roberto Antonio; Luengo, Luis
Introduction: Health-related quality of life results from the perspective that well-being of patients is an important point considered in their treatment. From the 1960s, research and data collection with surveys began with the creation of multiple measurement tools for estimation of subjective opinions in a population. However, these tools must be translated into native language of a country of interest, and it also requires a correct validation by obtaining appropriate psychometric properties. Objectives: To assess the validity of Family Impact Scale (FIS) in parents of Chilean preschoolers living in the province of Concepción, Chile. Material and methods: Target group was parents of preschoolers in the province of Concepción. Variables included oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) measured using Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) and FIS, oral hygiene, caries history, dental service utilization, sex, children's age, parent's age, and parent's education level. Moreover, psychometric properties with internal consistency, temporal stability, criterion, and discriminative validity were evaluated. Cronbach's α was estimated for internal consistency, and the following statistics were generated: intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for temporal stability, and Pearson's r correlation coefficient for criterion and discriminative validity (p < 0.05). Results: Regarding internal consistency, FIS presented a global Cronbach's α of 0.765, being acceptable. For the temporal stability, an ICC of 0.99 (p < 0.001) was found, which indicated excellent temporal stability. For the criterion validity, moderate correlations (0.6 < Pearson's r > 0.3) were found between FIS and ECOHIS as well as for most of the dimensions. Conclusions: The Chilean version of the family impact scale exhibits questionable reliability and validity, despite its' excellent temporal stability. Therefore, it is not recommended to use FIS in parents of Chilean preschoolers. © 2023 Polish Dental Association
Segundo Conducto Mesiovestibular en Molares Superiores: Prevalencia y Análisis Anatómico Mediante Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico
(Universidad de la Frontera, 2023) Dufey, Nicolás; Peña-Bengoa, Fernando; Buchheister, German; Macchiavello, Cristóbal; Meléndez, Patricio
El objetivo de este estudio fue utilizar la Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico (TCHC) para investigar la configuración anatómica, prevalencia y distribución del conducto mesiovestibular Dos (MV2) en molares superiores de una subpoblación chilena, considerando variables como la presencia del conducto MV2, la clasificación de Vertucci, el género y edad. Estudio observacional de corte transversal. La muestra consistió en Tomografías Computarizadas de Haz Cónico tomadas en la clínica odontológica de la Universidad Andrés Bello (Viña del Mar). Se calculó el tamaño muestral utilizando la fórmula de población conocida, lo que resultó en 262 tomografías. Los examinadores se calibraron utilizando el coeficiente Kappa de Cohen, para luego analizar las variables mediante un estudio imagenológico utilizando el software I-CAT Visión. Se analizaron 439 primeros y segundos molares superiores. La prevalencia del conducto MV2 en primeros molares fue del 63,74 %, mientras que, en segundos molares, fue del 20,04 %. La prevalencia en primeros molares fue mayor en hombres (73,86 %) que en mujeres (58,62 %), mientras que, en segundos molares, fue del 15,81 % en mujeres y del 28,41 % en hombres. En relación con la edad, en los primeros molares la diferencia fue significativa en el rango de 18 a 40 años (66,49 %). En cuanto al tipo de configuración según Vertucci (2005), el 70 % de los primeros molares presentó una configuración Tipo II, y un 23,65 % Tipo IV, con resultados similares en los segundos molares. El presente estudio demostró que los conductos MV2 son frecuentes en la población analizada, especialmente en los primeros molares, y que la configuración Tipo II es la más prevalente. Además, se observó una mayor prevalencia en hombres y en el rango de 18 a 40 años. Estos hallazgos proporcionan información relevante sobre la anatomía radicular en la población y pueden contribuir a mejorar los resultados de tratamiento.
Empatía y ecualización en estudiantes de odontología en una universidad chilena
(Universidad del Norte, 2023) Sepúlveda Puga, Andrés Ignacio; Botello Romo, Javier Orlando; López Tagle, Elizabeth; Díaz-Narváez, Víctor P.
Objetivo. Verificar el cumplimiento del principio de ecualización de la empatía con el paciente en los estudiantes de la Facultad Odontología de dos sedes de la Universidad Andrés Bello: República (Región Metropolitana) y Viña del Mar (Quinta Región), Chile. Material y métodos. Se empleó la Escala de Empatía Médica de Jefferson (versión S) adaptada por criterio de jueces para estudiantes de odontología. Se estimaron las medias, error estándar de las medias y el intervalo de confianza de los datos en torno de la media dentro y entre de los tres factores estudiados: Sedes, Curso y Sexo y sus interacciones. Se compararon las medias de los niveles mediante un análisis de varianza trifactorial. Se estimó la prueba eta cuadrada y la potencia de la prueba para determinar la magnitud de las diferencias y la potencia del modelo estadístico empleado. El nivel de significación utilizado fue de ?<0,05 y ?<0,20. Resultados. Se encontraron pocas diferencias significativas entre las medias. Las diferencias fundamentales afectaron principalmente a una de las dimensiones cognitivas de la empatía: “Habilidad para entender a otros”. Aunque la simetría de los niveles de los factores y sus interacciones no afectan totalmente la similaridad del comportamiento empático entre las sedes de la universidad estudiada, la presencia de diferencias muestra la necesidad de prestar más atención a la formación empática en los estudiantes de odontología. Conclusiones. Es necesario considerar estas diferencias encontradas entre las sedes para analizar las causas que las producen y realizar las intervenciones pertinentes para disminuir estas diferencias.
Observaciones sobre trastornos temporomandibulares: prioridades de investigación y atención: ¿cómo avanzará Chile?
(Medwave Estudios Ltda, 2023) Oyarzo, Juan Fernando; Jusakos, Manolis; Greene, Charles; Ohrbach, Richard
Los trastornos temporomandibulares son complejos trastornos multisistémicos para los que, lamentablemente, siguen prevaleciendo los enfoques tradicionales odontocéntricos comunes de la investigación y la atención. Un comité designado por las Academias Nacionales de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Medicina de los Estados Unidos de América resumió importantes recomendaciones relativas a la urgente necesidad de transformar, desde el modelo predominantemente biomédico, la investigación, la educación/formación profesional y la atención al paciente para los trastornos temporomandibulares en el modelo biopsicosocial que es estándar en el resto de la medicina del dolor. La publicación del informe del estudio de consenso identifica once recomendaciones de corto y largo plazo respecto a brechas y oportunidades orientadas a la situación en Estados Unidos, que son igualmente aplicables a la situación en Chile. Las primeras cuatro recomendaciones se centran en la investigación básica y traslacional, la investigación en salud pública y el fortalecimiento de la investigación clínica. Las tres recomendaciones siguientes se refieren a la evaluación de riesgos, el diagnóstico y la difusión de guías de práctica clínica y métricas asistenciales para mejorar la atención de los pacientes y ampliar su acceso. Las recomendaciones octavas a décima proponen centros de excelencia para el tratamiento de los trastornos temporomandibulares y el dolor orofacial, la mejora de la formación en los centros profesionales y la ampliación de la formación continua especializada para los profesionales sanitarios. La undécima recomendación se centra en la educación de los pacientes y la reducción del estigma. Este artículo destaca las recomendaciones publicadas y aborda lo que debiesen considerar los profesionales chilenos, como primer paso hacia un gran esfuerzo por cambiar los paradigmas de investigación, tratamiento y educación sobre los trastornos temporomandibulares para los próximos años.
Mucormicosis de cabeza y cuello: Actualización en el diagnóstico y manejo médico-quirúrgico. Una revisión narrativa
(Asociacion Odontologica Argentina, 2023) Fonseca Escobar, Diego; Mancilla Uribe, Juan; Parada Fernández, Fernando; Montero Riffo, Sandra
La mucormicosis, es una patología de baja prevalencia, rápidamente progresiva y de alta mortalidad que engloba un amplio espectro de infecciones del tipo oportunistas, causada por hongos de la familia Mucoraceae, Lichtheimiaceae, Thamnidiaceae, Cunninghamellaceae, Syncephalastraceae y Radiomycetaeae. Actualmente es la tercera causa de infección fúngica invasiva, posterior a la candidiasis y aspergilosos, siendo su presentación clínica más frecuente la rinocerebral de origen paranasal, cuyo síntoma característico es la rinosinusitis aguda bacteriana con proyección a los dientes antrales, de rápido avance y fatalidad. En esta revisión se emplearon resultados extraídos manualmente de artículos indexados en las bases de datos MEDLINE y EBSCO a raíz de la búsqueda de los términos mucormycosis, oral surgery y patient care management con el objetivo de entregar una visión actualizada de la literatura, respecto al diagnóstico y tratamiento de la mucormicosis de cabeza y cuello.
Effects of 32 weeks of a physical program with a ball on physical qualities in Russian children between 9 and 10 years. Non-randomized quasi-experimental study
(Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica, 2024) Polevoy, Georgiy; Fuentes-Barría, Héctor; Eguía, Raúl Aguilera; Sánchez, Juan Maureira; Garrido-Osorio, Víctor; Urbano-Cerda, Sebastián
Background: Children with low levels of physical activity during school years are a very relevant and difficult problem to address, since sedentary behaviors have a high prevalence from early childhood. Objectives: To analyze the effects of a 32-week ball exercise program on general physical condition in Russian primary school students. Methods. Quasi-experimental, non-randomized study. The sample was made up of 60 schoolchildren aged 9 to 10 years belonging to school number 52 in the city of Kirov (Russia). The schoolchildren were divided into a control group (n=30) and an experimental group (n=30); Both groups performed physical education lessons according to the school curriculum, however, the experimental group also performed series of physical exercises with basketballs for the development of physical qualities. The following control tests were used in the experimental study; Sit and reach, long jump, pull-up, abdominal curl and shuttle running. Results: Both groups improved physical condition indicators. However, only the experimental group showed significant changes in the Sit and reach tests (71%; p<0.05), pull-up (87.5%; p<0.05), and abdominal curl tests (29%; p <0.05), shuttle running and long jump (10%; p<0.05). Conclusion: A ball exercise program can significantly improve overall physical fitness. However, future research should consider possible interference processes related to the simultaneous development of multiple physical qualities. © 2024 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reserved.
Reference values for 1500-meter run test in Chilean athletes from 35 to 44 years: Cross-sectional study
(Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica, 2024) Fuentes-Barría, Héctor; Aguilera-Eguía, Raúl; Polevoy, Georgiy; Garrido-Osorio, Víctor
Introduction: Athletics is an Olympic sport that involves surpassing the athletic performance of opponents, whose performance brings together a set of disciplines that involve the use of various skills generated from initiation to sports specialization. Objective: Develop a qualitative scale for the evaluation of athletic performance in the 1500-meter in Chilean athletes between 35 and 44 years. Material and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study, whose sample considers 258 male and 186 female máster athletes who participated in the 1500-meter dash test during the period 2014 to 2022, these data being obtained from the registry of the Federation of Máster Athletics of Chile. Athletic performance was determined through the time used to complete the test, while the qualitative scale was constructed with the percentiles <10, ≥10, ≥25, ≥50, ≥75, corresponding to the criteria excellent, very good, good, average and poor. Results: In the 1500-meter test. The average was 5:04:02 and 6:22:62 for males and females, respectively. In general, the standard error of the mean = 0:02:67, reporting significant differences p<0.01 and a large effect size of 1.85. Conclusion: The creation of the qualitative scale for the 1500-meter test allows evaluating and classifying the sporting level in athletes between 35 and 44 years. © Copyright: Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF)
Cariogenic Risk in the Presence of Foods with Varied Glycemic Index in Dentistry Students. Cross-Sectional Study
(Fundacion Universitaria Maria Cano, 0025) Lisse Angarita Davila; Josefa Escobar Zoñez; Kaslyn Morales Cerda; Hector Fuentes Barria; Maria Eugenia Carrasco; Raul Aguilera
Introduction. Dentistry, a profession with high levels of stress, is associated with a decrease in quality of life and possible risks to oral health. Objective. Identify the cariogenic risk from foods consumed by dentistry students in the Biobío region. Methodology. Cross-sectional descriptive study with 178 dental students from the Biobio region (Chile), whose analysis considers the self-assessment of academic stress with the Academic Stress Inventory, cariogenic risk through the Lipari and Andrade Cariogenic Food Consumption Survey, and the glycemic index evaluated by the International Glycemic Index Tables. The statistical analysis considers the Chi-square test, with the effect size determined by Cramer’s V. Results. The students were 22.2 ± 3.1 years old. The prevalence of overweight or obesity was 44.4% (n = 79), 52.8% (n = 94) were of normal weight, and 2.8% (n = 5) were underweight. Additionally, 59.6% (n = 106) reported low stress levels and 57.8% (n = 103) had medium cariogenic risk. The analysis of cariogenic risk revealed significant differences in the intake of 14 food groups, especially those high in sugars. In the overweight/obesity subgroup, significant differences were observed in the consumption of milk, cookies, soda crackers, candies, and sweet pastries. Conclusion. An association was found between foods rich in sugar, nutritional sta-tus, and cariogenic risk, while appetizing foods were related to academic stress. © 2025. María Cano University Foundation.
Family functioning in students of health sciences in four Latin American countries: a study of the structure and factorial invariance of the FACES III scale. A cross-sectional study
(Psicologia: Reflexao e Critica, Volume 37, Issue 1 December 2024 Article number 5, 2024-12) Vilca, Lindsey W.; Díaz-Narváez, Víctor; Calzadilla-Núñez, Aracelis; Arispe-Alburqueque, Claudia; Arciniega, Susana Facio; Orostegui, María Alejandra; Castellón-Montenegro, Herminia; Santander, Karina; López-Labarca, Claudio; Álvarez, Guiomar Hernández; Fernández-Aragón, Shirley; Palacio, Luz Marina Alonso; Reyes-Reyes, Alejandro; Mendoza, Marco Cervantes
Background: Psychometric studies of the FACES III scale in Spanish-speaking countries show a lack of agreement on the factorial structure of the scale. In addition, most of the studies have only performed exploratory analyses of its factorial structure. Objective: The objective of the present study was to confirm the structure and factorial invariance of the FACES III scale in nursing and obstetric students from Chile, Colombia, Peru, and Mexico. Methods: A total of 3303 students from the four countries participated in this study (Colombia = 1559, Chile = 1224, Peru = 215, Mexico = 305). Results: The results of the study showed that the Bi-factor model presents the best-fit indexes to the data from Colombia, Chile, and Mexico, but not from Peru. In addition, it was found that this model showed evidence of being strictly invariant among the three countries in the sequence of the invariance models proposed: metric invariance (ΔRMSEA =.000), scalar (ΔRMSEA =.008), and strict (ΔRMSEA =.008). The bi-factor model also showed adequate reliability indexes in the three countries. Conclusion: It is concluded that the FACES III scale shows adequate psychometric performance under a bi-factor model in nursing and obstetric students from Colombia, Chile, and Mexico. The lack of fit of the model in Peru could be associated with the small sample size. © The Author(s) 2024.
Unveiling MRI-based structural phenotypes in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: implications for clinical practice and research
(Dental Press International, 2024-04) Tesch, Ricardo de Souza; Calcia, Thayanne Brasil Barbosa a; DE NORDENFLYCHT, Diego
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive degenerative disease characterized by the gradual degradation of cartilage, remodeling of subchondral bone, synovitis, and chronic pain. This condition impacts various large and small joints, including the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). However, addressing OA, particularly in impeding or reducing disease progression, is challenging due to its clinical and imaging heterogeneity. Authors are increasingly suggesting that this heterogeneity involves different phenotypes or subpopulations, discernible by variations in the disease’s pathophysiology and structural manifestations. Even within the TMJ, these phenotypes may display distinct clinical features, laboratory parameters, biochemical markers, and imaging criteria. Recent research has proposed MRI as a reference standard for TMJ OA, highlighting its substantial agreement with histopathological changes. MRI-based phenotypes offer a promising avenue for understanding disease progression and treatment response, potentially providing valuable insights for prognosis and treatment planning. Objective: This article introduces the ROAMES-TMJ (Rapid OsteoArthritis MRI Eligibility Score for TMJ) to assess the structural eligibility of individuals for inclusion in TMJ OA clinical trials.
Evidence-informed guidelines in oral health: insights from a systematic survey
(BMC Oral Health, Volume 24, Issue 1 December, 2024 Article number 746, 2024-12) Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Verdugo-Paiva F.; Rojas-Gómez, Ana María; Wielandt, Vicente; Peña, Javiera; Silva-Ruz, Iván; Novillo, Francisco; Ávila-Oliver, Camila; Bonfill-Cosp, Xavier; Glick, Michael; Carrasco-Labra, Alonso
Background: Oral diseases are a major global public health problem, impacting the quality of life of those affected. While consensus exists on the importance of high-quality, evidence-informed guidelines to inform practice and public health decisions in medicine, appropriate methodologies and standards are not commonly adhered to among producers of oral health guidelines. This study aimed to systematically identify organizations that develop evidence-informed guidelines in oral health globally and survey the methodological process followed to formulate recommendations. Methods: We searched numerous electronic databases, guideline repositories, and websites of guideline developers, scientific societies, and international organizations (January 2012–October 2023) to identify organizations that develop guidelines addressing any oral health topic and that explicitly declare the inclusion of research evidence in their development. Pairs of reviewers independently evaluated potentially eligible organizations according to predefined selection criteria and extracted data about the organization’s characteristics, key features of their guidelines, and the process followed when formulating formal recommendations. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and summarize data. Results: We included 46 organizations that developed evidence-informed guidelines in oral health. The organizations were mainly professional associations and scientific societies (67%), followed by governmental organizations (28%). In total, organizations produced 55 different guideline document types, most of them containing recommendations for clinical practice (77%). Panels were primarily composed of healthcare professionals (87%), followed by research methodologists (40%), policymakers (24%), and patient partners (18%). Most (60%) of the guidelines reported their funding source, but only one out of three (33%) included a conflict of interest (COI) policy management. The methodology used in the 55 guideline document types varied across the organizations, but only 19 (35%) contained formal recommendations. Half (51%) of the guideline documents referred to a methodology handbook, 46% suggested a structured approach or system for rating the certainty of the evidence and the strength of recommendations, and 37% mentioned using a framework to move from evidence to decisions, with the GRADE-EtD being the most widely used (27%). Conclusion: Our findings underscore the need for alignment and standardization of both terminology and methodologies used in oral health guidelines with current international standards to formulate trustworthy recommendations. © The Author(s) 2024.
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Photobiomodulation Therapy in Teeth with Asymptomatic Apical Periodontitis: A Case Series
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-10) Rubio, Francisco; Arnabat-Domínguez, Josep; Sans-Serramitjana, Eulàlia; Saa, Camila; Grzech-Leśniak, Kinga; Betancourt, Pablo
Introduction: Apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the periapical tissues that is often asymptomatic and diagnosed through radiographic examination. A challenge in traditional endodontics is disinfection of the root canal system (RCS), which anatomically presents numerous variations, often leading to persistent infections. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) offer promising adjuncts, due to their antimicrobial and tissue-healing properties. Objective: The aim of this article was to report five cases of teeth with pulp necrosis and asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP) treated with aPDT and PBMT protocols. Materials and Methods: Five cases of pulp necrosis and AAP were treated with conventional endodontic therapy supplemented with aPDT and PBMT. The treatment protocol included chemomechanical preparation (CMP), aPDT using a 660 nm diode laser (DL) with methylene blue (MB) as a photosensitizer (5 min pre-irradiation time), and PBMT using a 940 nm DL. Treatment results were evaluated through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based evaluation over 1 year of clinical follow-up. Results: All cases showed significant bone regeneration and tissue healing, demonstrating the efficacy of the combination of aPDT and PBMT. Post-operative pain did not occur in any of the patients, suggesting a possible analgesic effect of PBMT. Conclusions: The combination of aPDT and PBMT in endodontic therapy promoted tissue recovery and improved the prognosis of AAP. Further research and randomized control trials are needed to optimize treatment protocols and evaluate the long-term effects.
Evaluar la evolución de la empatía en el tiempo en estudiantes de odontología
(Facultad de Medicina Dr. Aurelio Melean, 2024-01) Mesa, Natalia Fortich; Alviz, Roquelina Pianeta; Hoyos, Vivi Hoyos; Vilca, Lindsey W.; Reyes-Reyes, Alejandro; Díaz-Narváez, Víctor P.
Objetivo. evaluar la evolución de la empatía y sus dimensiones en dos períodos anuales diferentes y determinar las fortalezas y las deficiencias observadas en la empatía y en sus dimensiones. Material y Métodos. estudio no experimental, descriptivo y transversal. La población la conforman estudiantes colombianos de odontología. La muestra se conformó de dos cohortes: n=326 estudiantes, 100% de la población (cohorte 2016) y n=207 estudiantes, 87,34 % de la población (cohorte 2022). La empatía fue medida por el instrumento JES-HPS. Se aplicó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, fiabilidad e invarianza. Las comparaciones de empatía entre las cohortes se realizaron mediante un análisis de la varianza factorial. Resultados. se cumplió el modelo teórico de tres dimensiones de la empatía en ambas cohortes estudiadas. Los niveles de confiabilidad fueron aceptables. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticas relevantes entre las cohortes y se observa una declinación en el segundo y quinto curso de la empatía y de las dimensiones en general. Conclusiones. los valores de la empatía y sus dimensiones se han mantenido sin cambios en el tiempo y la empatía clasifico como “nivel medio” Como consecuencia de lo anterior, los niveles medios de la empatía podrían asociase a un déficit en la capacidad de entender la subjetividad del pensamiento del paciente y, esta situación, complica una actitud empática normal.
Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento físico de coordinación motriz sobre la condición física de niños rusos de 9 a 10 años: Ensayo Controlado Aleatorizado
(Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica, 2024-02) Polevoy, Georgiy; Fuentes-Barría, Héctor
La coordinaciónmotriz es una habilidad fundamental durante la infancia, dado su papel determinante en el desarrollo de diversas cualidades físicas a lo largo del crecimiento humano. Objetivo: Analizar los efectos de un programa de coordina-ciónmotrizsobre la condición física general de estudiantes rusos de 9 a 10 años. Material y Métodos:Ensayo controlado, paralelo y aleatorizado con cegado simple llevadoa cabo en la escuela secundaria n.° 52,entre el 6 de septiembre de 2022 hasta el 18 de mayo de 2023. Participaron 62 niños detercer grado. Aquellos asignados al grupo experimental se sometieron a sesiones de tareas de coordina-ciónmotriz dos veces por semana, cada una con una duración de 40 minutos. La evaluación de su condición física se realizó mediante pruebas específicas, incluyendo "Throwing the ball," "3 x 10m Shuttle run," "Forward somersaults," y "Stand on one leg." El análisis estadístico,empleó la prueba t de Student, siendo determinadoel tamaño del efecto mediante la 'd' de Cohen. Resultados: En compa-ración con el grupo control, el grupo experimental exhibió un incremento significativo en las pruebas de "Throwing the ball" (9.1%; p <0.05; d = 0.57), "3 x 10m Shuttle run" (14%; p <0.05; d = 3.79), "Forward somersaults" (17.7%; p <0.05; d = 2.46), y "Stand on one leg" (8.4%; p <0.05; d = 0.83). Conclusión: Se concluye que la implementación de un programa de ejercicios físicos enfocados en la coordinaciónmotrizpuede generar mejoras significativas en la condición física general
Analysis of the Anatomical and Dimensional Variations of the Nasopalatine Canal by Cone Beam Computed Tomography
(Universidad de la Frontera, 2023-06) Godoy, Iván E.; Valenzuela, Kimberly A.; Arce, Cecilia P.; Arqueros, Marcelo R.; Rodríguez, Macarena C.; Niklander, Sven E.; Meléndez, Patricio A.
Anatomical knowledge of the nasopalatine canal (PNC) is essential for performing surgeries in the anterior sector of the maxilla and thus anticipating possible complications. The objective of this work is to evaluate and determine the anatomical and dimensional variations of the CNP according to sex, age and dental status. This cross-sectional study analyzed a total of 251 CBCT images obtained from the database of the Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging Service of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Andrés Bello University, Viña del Mar, Chile. To evaluate the statistical association between CNP variations with sex, age and dental status, the Student's T test, chi-square and ANOVA (p<0.5) were performed. The CNP showed variability in terms of morphology and dimensions. The most predominant shape of the PNC was cylindrical (65.33 %) and the most frequent shape of the canal curvature in the sagittal plane was straight inclined (54.98 %). The mean length was 10.92 ± 2.82 mm, being greater in men (p<0.01). The most frequent anatomical variation in the coronal plane was the single channel type (57.76 %). The effect of sex on the distance between the anterior wall of the PNC and the buccal crest of the maxilla was not significant (p>0.05). In addition, a significant difference was detected between the dental state and the dimension of the vestibular table in relation to the CNP (p<0.01). CNP variations should be considered to avoid potential complications during surgical procedures. © 2023, Universidad de la Frontera. All rights reserved.
Efectos de 52 semanas de un programa de ejercicio físico sobre la velocidad y fuerza muscular de jugadores rusos de baloncesto de entre 12 a 13 años. Ensayo Controlado Aleatorizado
(Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica, 2024-06) Polevoy, Georgiy; Fuentes-Barría, Héctor; Aguilera-Eguía, Raúl
Objetivos: Analizar los efectos de un programa de 52 semanas de ejercicio físico sobre las manifestaciones de fuerza-velocidad en niños rusos jugadores de baloncesto de entre 12 a 13 años. Métodos. Ensayo controlado, paralelo y aleatorizado con cegado simple llevado a cabo en la escuela secundaria n.°60 de Kirov (Rusia). Los niños rusos jugadores de baloncesto fueron divididos en un grupo control (n = 20) y un grupo experimental (n = 20); Ambos grupos realizaron las lecciones de educación física de acuerdo con el plan de estudios, sin embargo, el grupo experimental además realizo series de ejercicios físicos orientados al desarrollo de la fuerza-velocidad especifica. La valoración de la fuerza-velocidad considero las pruebas salto horizontal, Abalakov jump, 20 metros sprint y 40 segundos de carrera. Resultados: El grupo experimental mejoro las pruebas de salto horizontal (p <0,001; d = 0,08) y vertical (p = 0,01; d = 0,05). En relación con las pruebas de velocidad, ambos grupos mejoraron la capacidad de sprint láctico (p < 0,05 d < 0,2), mientras que la velocidad aláctica solo mejoro significativamente en el grupo control (p = 0.02; d = 3,39). Conclusión: Un programa de 52 semanas con ejercicios físico puede ser eficaz para mejorar la fuerza-velocidad manifestada en niños rusos jugadores de baloncesto de entre 12 a 13 años.

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